Norman J C, Duncan J M, Frazier O H, Hallman G L, Ott D A, Reul G J, Cooley D A
Arch Surg. 1981 Nov;116(11):1441-5. doi: 10.1001/archsurg.1981.01380230059009.
An intracorporeal (abdominal) left ventricular assist device (ALVAD) or partial artificial heart was designed, developed, extensively tested in vitro and in vivo, and subsequently approved for controlled clinical trials in institutions. The ALVAD is pneumatically actuated, synchronously or asynchronously, with an external console and is interposed between the apex of the left ventricle and infrarenal abdominal aorta. The implantation techniques are straightforward and replicable. The ALVAD was used in weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass to support the circulation in cardiogenic shock after infarction and as a bridge to cardiac transplantation. It was found that the profoundly depressed human left (and right) ventricles initially incapable of ejection can recover if totally supported with this device. This experience strongly suggests that ALVADs should be used early in instances of intra-aortic balloon pump inadequacy.
设计、研发了一种体内（腹腔）左心室辅助装置（ALVAD）或部分人工心脏，并在体外和体内进行了广泛测试，随后获批在机构内进行对照临床试验。ALVAD通过外部控制台以气动方式驱动，可同步或异步驱动，置于左心室心尖和肾下腹主动脉之间。植入技术简单且可重复。ALVAD用于在心脏搭桥术后脱离体外循环，以支持梗死性心源性休克中的循环，并作为心脏移植的桥梁。研究发现，如果用该装置完全支持，最初无法射血的严重衰竭的人左（和右）心室可以恢复。这一经验强烈表明，在主动脉内球囊反搏不足的情况下应尽早使用ALVAD。
