Kaplan A P, Garofalo J
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1981 Dec;68(6):438-41. doi: 10.1016/s0091-6749(81)90209-8.
Four patients with symptoms suggestive of either cold urticaria or a combination of cold and cholinergic urticaria were studied. However, all patients were negative to an ice-cube test or cold-immersion test and had no urticaria after exercise in a warm environment. When each patient was seated in a cold room (4 degree C) for 5 to 15 min, generalized urticaria appeared, consisting of puncture wheals and surrounding erythema as seen in cholinergic urticaria. Two patients had weakly positive methacholine skin tests and the other two had completely negative tests. When serial venous blood samples were obtained to test for mediator release, three of four patients had evidence of histamine release and the time course was similar to that previously reported for patients with cholinergic urticaria. These four cases represent a new syndrome with features suggestive of cold and/or cholinergic urticaria, but the results of all the tests usually utilized to diagnose these conditions were negative. We have called this disorder cold-induced cholinergic urticaria to indicate that it is cold dependent and visually indistinguishable from cholinergic urticaria.
对4例有寒冷性荨麻疹或寒冷性与胆碱能性荨麻疹合并症状的患者进行了研究。然而，所有患者冰块试验或冷浸试验均为阴性，且在温暖环境中运动后未出现荨麻疹。当每位患者在冷房间（4摄氏度）中坐5至15分钟时，出现全身性荨麻疹，表现为点状风团和周围红斑，如同胆碱能性荨麻疹所见。2例患者乙酰甲胆碱皮肤试验弱阳性，另2例完全阴性。当采集系列静脉血样本检测介质释放时，4例患者中有3例有组胺释放证据，其时间进程与先前报道的胆碱能性荨麻疹患者相似。这4例代表一种新综合征，具有提示寒冷性和/或胆碱能性荨麻疹的特征，但通常用于诊断这些疾病的所有检测结果均为阴性。我们将这种疾病称为冷诱导性胆碱能性荨麻疹，以表明它依赖于寒冷且在外观上与胆碱能性荨麻疹无法区分。
