Kaplan A P
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1984 Apr;73(4):453-6. doi: 10.1016/0091-6749(84)90354-3.
Two patients are described in whom new cold-induced disorders were defined. The patients presented with histories suggesting either dermatographism or typical cold urticaria; however, standard tests for each disorder failed to reproduce the patients' symptoms. One patient had dermatographism that was observable only upon chilling the skin subsequent to scratching it. The reaction was associated with detectable elevation of venous histamine levels coincident with the development of urticaria. The second patient had generalized urticaria that was induced by systemic rather than local cold challenge. The reaction was anaphylactoid in nature and was associated with systemic elevation of histamine levels. This patient was also mildly dermatographic, and skin reactivity was markedly augmented during an episode of generalized hives. These cold-dependent disorders should be included in the differential diagnosis of patients with histories suggestive of cold urticaria with or without a dermatographic component. Further evaluation is indicated when the standard tests for either of these disorders are negative.
本文描述了两名被确诊患有新型冷诱导性疾病的患者。这两名患者的病史提示为人工性荨麻疹或典型的寒冷性荨麻疹；然而，针对每种疾病的标准检测均未能重现患者的症状。其中一名患者患有仅在搔抓皮肤后冷却时才会出现的人工性荨麻疹。该反应与静脉组胺水平的可检测升高相关，且与荨麻疹的出现同时发生。第二名患者患有全身性荨麻疹，由全身性而非局部冷刺激诱发。该反应本质上为类过敏反应，并与组胺水平的全身性升高相关。该患者也有轻度人工性荨麻疹表现，且在全身性荨麻疹发作期间皮肤反应性明显增强。这些冷依赖性疾病应纳入有或无人工性荨麻疹成分的疑似寒冷性荨麻疹患者的鉴别诊断中。当这些疾病的标准检测结果为阴性时，需进一步评估。
