Lidwell O M, Mackintosh C A, Towers A G
J Hyg (Lond). 1978 Dec;81(3):453-69. doi: 10.1017/s002217240002533x.
The effectiveness of a representative range of fabrics in restricting dispersal through them of dry skin-borne bacteria has been examined. The fabrics were tested made up into trousers which were worn by volunteers during standardized exercise in a test chamber operated within a unidirectional flow clean-air room. Under these conditions, with careful attention to sealing at ankles and waist, it was possible to estimate penetration as low as 0.3%. Penetrations as low as 1% were observed with some synthetic fabrics. These had a relatively high surface resistivity and developed significant electrostatic charges. When the observed values for penetration were compared with the results of a series of measurements and tests made on the fabrics it was clear that the correlation between these values and the other results was in every case very close for all the five woven cotton or cotton terylene fabrics but that no measurement or test was capable or predicting the behaviour of all the other materials in dispersal experiments. The inherent variability of dispersal experiments seems to be very great. With a standard deviation of the approximately log-normal distribution of the experimental values as high as about 2 times the mean, it is necessary to carry out as many as 20 replicate experiments in order to differentiate with certainty between garments with a two-fold difference in penetration.
研究了一系列具有代表性的织物在限制干性皮肤携带细菌通过织物扩散方面的有效性。将这些织物制成裤子，让志愿者在单向流洁净空气室内的测试室中进行标准化运动时穿着。在这些条件下，通过仔细注意脚踝和腰部的密封，可以估计出低至0.3%的穿透率。一些合成织物的穿透率低至1%。这些织物具有相对较高的表面电阻率，并产生了显著的静电荷。当将观察到的穿透值与对织物进行的一系列测量和测试结果进行比较时，很明显，对于所有五种纯棉或棉涤织物，这些值与其他结果之间的相关性在每种情况下都非常密切，但没有任何测量或测试能够预测所有其他材料在扩散实验中的行为。扩散实验的固有变异性似乎非常大。实验值的近似对数正态分布的标准差高达平均值的约2倍，因此有必要进行多达20次重复实验，以便确定区分穿透率有两倍差异的服装。
