McDermott F, Strang P
Med J Aust. 1978 Dec 30;2(14):612-5. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1978.tb131778.x.
The history, rationale and implementation of legislation for compulsory blood alcohol tests on adult road crash casualties presenting at Victorian hospitals are reviewed. Drinking drivers admitted to casualty departments can now be identified and prosecuted; doctors can obtain blood alcohol test results on road crash casualties without threat of litigation; drinking drivers with alcohol problems may be directed to appropriate re-education or rehabilitation programmes; the opportunity also exists for treatment of non-driver casualties with alcohol problems. In the first three years of testing, 27.1% of 21,863 male driver casualties had blood alcohol concentrations in excess of the legal limit of 0.05 g/100 mL (11 mmol/L), and 13.7% had blood alcohol levels in excess of 0.15 g/100 mL (33 mmol/L); the blood alcohol levels in 8.7% of 9187 female driver casualties exceeded 0.05 g/100 mL, and in 3.7% exceeded 0.15 g/100 mL. Non-drivers had a slightly lower incidence of elevated alcohol concentrations. The implementation of further drink-driving countermeasures, expansion of services for the management of alcohol problems, and development of a national policy directed at prevention of alcohol abuse are recommended.
本文回顾了维多利亚州医院对成年道路交通事故伤员进行强制性血液酒精检测立法的历史、基本原理及实施情况。现在，进入急诊部门的酒驾司机能够被识别并被起诉；医生可以获取道路交通事故伤员的血液酒精检测结果而无需担心诉讼风险；有酒精问题的酒驾司机可能会被引导至合适的再教育或康复项目；同时也为有酒精问题的非驾驶员伤员提供了治疗机会。在检测的头三年里，21,863名男性驾驶员伤员中有27.1%的血液酒精浓度超过法定上限0.05克/100毫升（11毫摩尔/升），13.7%的血液酒精水平超过0.15克/100毫升（33毫摩尔/升）；9187名女性驾驶员伤员中有8.7%的血液酒精水平超过0.05克/100毫升，3.7%超过0.15克/100毫升。非驾驶员酒精浓度升高的发生率略低。建议实施进一步的酒驾应对措施，扩大酒精问题管理服务，并制定一项旨在预防酒精滥用的国家政策。
