Lomholt N, Borgeskov S, Kirkby B
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1981 Oct;25(5):407-11. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.1981.tb01675.x.
Recent publications show that severe damage to the trachea is still a problem with high-volume, low-pressure cuffs. The NL tracheostomy tube was used in 86 patients for 3 days to 2 months (mean 16 days). This tube has a high-volume, low-pressure cuff with automatic regulation of the cuff pressure at 3 kPa. The tube has a flexible tip. Fiberoptic examination at extubation showed minimal damage to the tracheal mucosa: 33 patients had normal mucosa and the rest had hyperaemia and/or fibrin formation. Four patients had ulcerations from suction catheters and four patients had small, superficial ulcerations produced by the tip of the tube. Of these last four patients, three had skin flaps that exerted pressure on the tube. Severe tracheal damage was prevented due to the combination of automatic regulation of cuff pressure and a flexible tip of the tube.
近期的出版物表明，对于大容量、低压袖带而言，气管严重损伤仍是一个问题。86例患者使用NL气管造口管3天至2个月（平均16天）。该导管有一个大容量、低压袖带，可自动将袖带压力调节至3 kPa。导管有一个可弯曲的尖端。拔管时的纤维光学检查显示气管黏膜损伤极小：33例患者黏膜正常，其余患者有充血和/或纤维蛋白形成。4例患者因吸痰管导致溃疡，4例患者因导管尖端产生小的浅表溃疡。在这最后4例患者中，3例有皮瓣对导管施加压力。由于袖带压力自动调节和导管可弯曲尖端的结合，防止了严重的气管损伤。
