De Mikusinski E B, De Quintana M E
Acta Psiquiatr Psicol Am Lat. 1981 Jul;27(3):200-8.
This paper begins outlining a short history of mirror-drawing used as a psychological technique, related at fist to the learning process, then extended to the field of personality. From this later point of view, the obligatory inversion of the spatial schemes acts as a conflictual and frustrating stimulus and elicits specific responses based on the personality traits. As a psychological test the mirror-drawing may be evaluated according to the speed and accuracy in tracing, as well as can be judged in terms of qualitative reactions (blockage, task abandonment, effort to control, etc.) After such an introduction our first personal experience with this technique 11, 12 is commented. It consisted in exploring the relations between the motivational level, the manifest anxiety and the mirror-drawing performance, all this within the Yerkes-Dodson Law formulations. The main conclusions emphasize the interaction of the two independent variables (motivation and anxiety) as they affect strongly and differentially the speed and accuracy in the mirror-drawing. However, the principal purpose of this paper is to present a study in which a voluntary sample of 39 adults is described according to their speed and accuracy performance in tracing a star-shaped figure in two trials. Owing to this learning progress in both aspects can be evaluated. Our main findings do not agree with Fraisse's postulate of a hypothetical dimension between "speed-inaccuracy" and "slowness-accuracy" ends and our resultas rather suggest a "speed-accuracy" and "slowness-inaccuracy" continuum. It seems that a good performance involves the two requirements, and the subjects do not show preference for either of them. It also seems that the speed may be due to the situational factors and more influenced by learning, while the accuracy stems from the personality characteristics and can hardly be improved by a voluntary effort.
本文开篇概述了镜像绘画作为一种心理技术的简短历史，它最初与学习过程相关，随后扩展到了人格领域。从后一种观点来看，空间模式的必然倒置充当了一种冲突性和令人沮丧的刺激，并根据人格特质引发特定反应。作为一项心理测试，镜像绘画可以根据追踪的速度和准确性来评估，也可以根据定性反应（受阻、放弃任务、控制努力等）来判断。在这样的引言之后，我们将评论我们首次使用这种技术的个人经历。这包括在耶基斯-多德森定律的框架内，探索动机水平、显性焦虑与镜像绘画表现之间的关系。主要结论强调了两个自变量（动机和焦虑）的相互作用，因为它们对镜像绘画的速度和准确性有强烈且不同的影响。然而，本文的主要目的是呈现一项研究，其中描述了一个由39名成年人组成的自愿样本在两次试验中绘制星形图形的速度和准确性表现。由此可以评估在这两个方面的学习进展。我们的主要发现与弗雷斯关于“速度-不准确”和“缓慢-准确”两端之间假设维度的假设不一致，我们的结果反而表明存在一个“速度-准确”和“缓慢-不准确”的连续体。似乎良好的表现需要这两个条件，受试者对其中任何一个都没有偏好。似乎速度可能归因于情境因素，并且更多地受学习影响，而准确性则源于人格特征，很难通过自愿努力得到提高。
