Das S, Lowe P
J Urol. 1980 Feb;123(2):282-4. doi: 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)55898-x.
A review of malignant pheochromocytoma of the bladder is presented with an illustrative case, emphasizing the importance of preoperative localization and an extirpative surgical approach for such patients. Since histologic criteria of malignancy in phoechromocytomas have not yet been established all of these patiets warrant a thorough intraoperative search and long-term postoperative followup for possible metastases.
本文对膀胱恶性嗜铬细胞瘤进行了综述，并结合一个实例进行说明，强调了术前定位以及对此类患者采用根治性手术方法的重要性。由于嗜铬细胞瘤的恶性组织学标准尚未确立，所有这些患者都需要在术中进行全面探查，并在术后进行长期随访以发现可能的转移。
