Harlow A C, Roux J F, Shapiro M I
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1980 Feb 15;136(4):500-4. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(80)90678-x.
Plasma cholesterol, triglycerides, glycerol, and glucose concentrations were measured in term and postmature rabbits. The data show that the term and postmature mothers have significantly higher glycemia than their fetuses. However, triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations are lower in the postmature mother than in her fetus. Postmature fetuses are characterized by very high plasma triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations. The results demonstrate that postmaturity is accompanied by maternal and fetal lipid metabolic changes related to a decrease in the transfer of maternal fatty acids through the placenta and to a diminution in fetal liver glucose utilization. The postmature fetus is then in a relative state of fasting and must rely on its own supply of fuel (glycogen and lipids) to provide cells for growth and survival. The maternal metabolic changes can possibly be explained by a decreased utilization of maternal substrates by the fetus, the placenta becoming insufficient. The close interrelationship of fetal and maternal lipid metabolism with the activity of the placenta suggests that an accurate knowledge of the metabolic changes taking place in the fetus during alteration of the maternal environment is indispensable to the understanding of the short- and long-term effects of maternal disease on the fetus.
对足月和过期产兔的血浆胆固醇、甘油三酯、甘油和葡萄糖浓度进行了测量。数据显示，足月和过期产母兔的血糖水平显著高于其胎儿。然而，过期产母兔的甘油三酯和胆固醇浓度低于其胎儿。过期产胎儿的特点是血浆甘油三酯和胆固醇浓度非常高。结果表明，过期产伴随着母体和胎儿脂质代谢变化，这与母体脂肪酸通过胎盘的转运减少以及胎儿肝脏葡萄糖利用减少有关。过期产胎儿处于相对禁食状态，必须依靠自身的燃料供应（糖原和脂质）来为细胞生长和存活提供能量。母体代谢变化可能是由于胎儿对母体底物的利用减少，胎盘功能不足所致。胎儿和母体脂质代谢与胎盘活性的密切相互关系表明，准确了解母体环境改变期间胎儿发生的代谢变化对于理解母体疾病对胎儿的短期和长期影响是必不可少的。
