Check J H
Fertil Steril. 1980 Apr;33(4):423-6. doi: 10.1016/s0015-0282(16)44661-3.
Varicocelectomy has been found to improve the spermogram in many subfertile men. However, there still remains a sizable group of subfertile men whose counts fail to improve sufficiently following surgery. Clomiphene citrate, which has been shown to improve fertility in idiopathic oligospermia, was similarly tried in men with varicoceles. The counts of 71% were raised to the low-normal range, and 36% achieved pregnancies. Medical therapy with clomiphene citrate may prove not only to be a useful adjunct to varicocelectomy but may prove to be first-line therapy for counts under 10 million/ml (8 of 13 improved to over 20 million/ml) when surgical therapy has not been successful.
精索静脉曲张切除术已被发现可改善许多不育男性的精液分析结果。然而，仍有相当一部分不育男性在手术后精子计数未能充分改善。已证明枸橼酸氯米芬可改善特发性少精子症患者的生育能力，同样也在精索静脉曲张患者中进行了试验。71%的患者精子计数提高到低正常范围，36%的患者成功受孕。枸橼酸氯米芬药物治疗不仅可能是精索静脉曲张切除术的有用辅助手段，而且当手术治疗未成功时，对于精子计数低于1000万/毫升的患者（13例中有8例改善至超过2000万/毫升）可能被证明是一线治疗方法。
