Tuomisto L, Eriksson L, Fyhrquist F
Eur J Pharmacol. 1980 Apr 11;63(1):15-24. doi: 10.1016/0014-2999(80)90112-0.
The vasopressin releasing activity of histamine was studied in conscious goats. Histamine was infused into the brain ventricles or intravenously and serial blood samples were taken from the jugular vein. Plasma vasopressin was assayed by a radioimmunoassay for arginine vasopressin (AVP). After i.v. infusions of 300 micrograms and 1 mg of histamine, a pronounced increase in plasma AVP up to greater than 100 pg/ml occurred. This was considered secondary to hypotension, since it only occurred with doses that markedly decreased arterial blood pressure. When given i.c.v. even smaller doses of histamine increased plasma AVP without any concomitant decrease in blood pressure. There was a simultaneous decrease in renal free water clearance in hydrated animals. Up to the dose of 300 microgramshistamine, the increase in AVP was modest. Histamine 1 mg i.c.v., given to either hydrated or non-hydrated animals, increased plasma AVP about tenfold, up to 38.3 +/- 23.3 pg/ml and 56.7 +/- 19.0 pg/ml, respectively. In individual experiments the correlation between the AVP level and the degree of antidiuresis was less apparent, since the kidney seemed to be very sensitive even to small changes in plasma AVP. It is concluded that histamine releases vasopressin through a central mechanism and it is reasonable to suppose that histamine may act as a neurotransmitter in the vasopressin releasing system.
在清醒山羊身上研究了组胺释放抗利尿激素的活性。将组胺注入脑室或静脉内，并从颈静脉采集系列血样。采用精氨酸抗利尿激素（AVP）放射免疫分析法测定血浆抗利尿激素。静脉注射300微克和1毫克组胺后，血浆AVP显著升高，高达大于100皮克/毫升。这被认为是低血压的继发表现，因为只有在显著降低动脉血压的剂量下才会出现。当脑室内注射时，即使更小剂量的组胺也会使血浆AVP升高，且血压没有任何相应降低。在水合状态的动物中，肾游离水清除率同时降低。在剂量达300微克组胺时，AVP的升高幅度较小。给处于水合或非水合状态的动物脑室内注射1毫克组胺，血浆AVP分别升高约10倍，高达38.3±23.3皮克/毫升和56.7±19.0皮克/毫升。在个别实验中，AVP水平与抗利尿程度之间的相关性不太明显，因为肾脏似乎对血浆AVP的微小变化都非常敏感。结论是组胺通过中枢机制释放抗利尿激素，并且有理由推测组胺可能在抗利尿激素释放系统中作为一种神经递质发挥作用。
