Bamber J C, Dickinson R J
Phys Med Biol. 1980 May;25(3):463-79. doi: 10.1088/0031-9155/25/3/006.
A method has been developed which can predict the appearance and properties of B-scan images. The theoretical basis for the tissue models used, and the assumptions made in the simulation concerning the nature of pulse-echo imaging, are discussed. A key feature of the simulation is the Fourier domain synthesis of the tissue model, which permits convenient specification of some statistical properties of a randomly inhomogeneous scattering medium. Other characteristics that may be specified include the ultrasonic pulse and beam shapes, and subsequent signal processing. Both the initial tissue model and the simulated B-scan image are displayed as grey-scale pictures, allowing visual comparison in the same way that clinical B-scans are currently observed. Preliminary results of applying the simulation are shown to have a number of features in common with clinical images and with scans of a test object. A better understanding of the nature of pulse-echo images is gained and conclusions drawn regarding the range of system and tissue parameters over which these images convey information about the tissue structure. The method may also be of use to determine optimum design of equipment for imaging and tissue characterisation, and to investigate the extent to which the acoustic structure of tissues can be described in terms of simple mathematical models.
已开发出一种可预测B超图像外观和特性的方法。文中讨论了所用组织模型的理论基础以及在模拟中对脉冲回波成像性质所做的假设。该模拟的一个关键特性是组织模型的傅里叶域合成，这便于指定随机非均匀散射介质的一些统计特性。其他可指定的特性包括超声脉冲和波束形状以及后续的信号处理。初始组织模型和模拟的B超图像均显示为灰度图片，以便能像当前观察临床B超那样进行视觉比较。模拟应用的初步结果表明，其具有一些与临床图像以及测试对象扫描结果相同的特征。这样能更好地理解脉冲回波图像的性质，并得出关于这些图像传达组织结构信息的系统和组织参数范围的结论。该方法还可用于确定成像和组织表征设备的最佳设计，并研究能用简单数学模型描述组织声学结构的程度。
