Kodell R L, Nelson C J
Biometrics. 1980 Jun;36(2):267-77.
A semi-Markov model for describing the development of a specific type of tumor which is followed by death from that tumor is proposed. This provides a method for investigating the observable phases of tumor development, when time to appearance of tumor in individual animals is not directly measurable. Parameters of the model are estimated by the method of maximum likelihood. The modeling and estimation procedures are illustrated with liver tumors induced by benzidine dihydrochloride in mice, and inferences with respect to strain, sex and dose differences are made.
提出了一种半马尔可夫模型，用于描述特定类型肿瘤的发展过程，该肿瘤随后会导致死于该肿瘤。当无法直接测量个体动物中肿瘤出现的时间时，这提供了一种研究肿瘤发展可观察阶段的方法。通过最大似然法估计模型参数。用二盐酸联苯胺诱导的小鼠肝肿瘤说明了建模和估计过程，并对品系、性别和剂量差异进行了推断。
