Hunter K, Linn M W, Harris R
J Am Geriatr Soc. 1980 Sep;28(9):405-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1980.tb01107.x.
This study involved 97 male veterans (age range, 45-65) in four approximately equal groups, classified as follows: 1) colon or rectal cancer, 2) upper digestive-tract cancers, 3) other cancers, and 4) additional controls (no cancer). Dietary histories of these cancer and noncancer inpatients were recorded to see whether or not consumption of particular substances could be predictive of cancer. The interactions of substances in combination such as sugar x fat, and alcohol x smoking, proved to be important predictors of cancer of the upper digestive tract. The degree of coffee consumption was a predictor of nondigestive-tract cancer. However, colorectal cancer patients could not be distinguished from non-cancer patients by the dietary variables examined.
这项研究涉及97名年龄在45至65岁之间的男性退伍军人，他们被分成四个大致相等的组，分类如下：1）结肠癌或直肠癌，2）上消化道癌，3）其他癌症，4）额外对照组（无癌症）。记录这些癌症患者和非癌症患者的饮食史，以观察特定物质的摄入是否可预测癌症。诸如糖与脂肪、酒精与吸烟等物质的联合相互作用，被证明是上消化道癌的重要预测因素。咖啡的饮用程度是消化道外癌症的一个预测因素。然而，通过所检查的饮食变量，无法区分结直肠癌患者和非癌症患者。
