Swisher S N
Psychosom Med. 1980;42(1 Suppl):113-21. doi: 10.1097/00006842-198001001-00004.
The need to broaden explicitly the biopsychosocial model to include the human environmental context is described. Lessons learned from past advocacy of a broad model of the human patient and his illnesses should guide us in a basic further extension of this fundamental frame of reference. Development of the biopsychosocial model of patient care as we now have it may well be the principal intellectual achievement of medicine in the last 30 years. The contributions of George Engel and his colleagues are gratefully acknowledge.
文中描述了明确拓宽生物心理社会模型以纳入人类环境背景的必要性。过去对人类患者及其疾病的广泛模型的倡导所吸取的经验教训，应指导我们对这一基本参照框架进行进一步的基础性扩展。我们现在所拥有的患者护理生物心理社会模型的发展，很可能是过去30年医学的主要智力成就。在此，我们衷心感谢乔治·恩格尔及其同事所做出的贡献。
