Bleier R, Albrecht R
J Comp Neurol. 1980 Aug 1;192(3):489-504. doi: 10.1002/cne.901920308.
Supraependymal cells (SECs) of the young hamster's third ventricle have been examined by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Of special interest were cells with the surface morphology and ultrastructure of macrophages, which were found in largest numbers in 12--15-day-old females and males. In the ciliated areas SECs are generally smooth and rounded; in nonciliated areas, they frequently have surface ruffles, blebs and microprocesses. SECs were frequently seen to be dividing or fusing. The macrophage-like cells are characterized by prominent Golgi zones and numerous large vacuoles, and frequently contain inclusions in their cytoplasm which resemble intraventricular cell processes, cytoplasmic protrusions from ependymal cells and cellular debris. We have demonstrated that supraependymal macrophage-like cells phagocytose latex beads injected into the ventricles of the brain. Supraependymal cells from 12-day-old hamsters were grown in tissue culture. Phagocytic, cytochemical and surface ultrastructural studies were then done sequentially on the same population of cells. These studies revealed the cells to be actively phagocytic as well as strongly esterase positive and peroxidase negative, consistent with their classification in the macrophage/monocyte category. The surface ruffles, ridges and microprocesses were also characteristic of the SECs seen in situ with scanning electron microscopy and of the macrophages cultured from the peritoneum and peripheral blood of the same hamsters. On the basis of cellular morphology, cytochemical staining characteristics and functional response to exposure to foreign particles both in situ and in cell culture, we have demonstrated that supraependymal cells of the third ventricle of the hamster are phagocytes that resemble cells of the macrophage/monocyte line. It is suggested that they constitute a resident macrophage system of the ventricles of the brain.
通过扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜对幼年仓鼠第三脑室的室管膜上细胞（SECs）进行了检查。特别令人感兴趣的是具有巨噬细胞表面形态和超微结构的细胞，在12 - 15日龄的雌性和雄性仓鼠中数量最多。在有纤毛的区域，SECs通常光滑且呈圆形；在无纤毛的区域，它们经常有表面褶皱、泡和微突起。经常可以看到SECs在进行分裂或融合。巨噬细胞样细胞的特征是有明显的高尔基体区域和许多大液泡，并且其细胞质中经常含有类似于脑室内细胞突起、室管膜细胞的细胞质突起和细胞碎片的内含物。我们已经证明，室管膜上的巨噬细胞样细胞会吞噬注入脑室的乳胶珠。将12日龄仓鼠的室管膜上细胞进行组织培养。然后对同一群细胞依次进行吞噬、细胞化学和表面超微结构研究。这些研究表明这些细胞具有活跃的吞噬作用，并且酯酶呈强阳性而过氧化物酶呈阴性，这与它们在巨噬细胞/单核细胞类别中的分类一致。表面褶皱、嵴和微突起也是扫描电子显微镜下原位观察到的SECs以及从同一仓鼠的腹膜和外周血培养的巨噬细胞的特征。基于细胞形态、细胞化学染色特征以及在原位和细胞培养中对外来颗粒暴露的功能反应，我们已经证明仓鼠第三脑室的室管膜上细胞是类似于巨噬细胞/单核细胞系细胞的吞噬细胞。有人认为它们构成了脑室的常驻巨噬细胞系统。
