Thomas M R, Sneed S M, Wei C, Nail P A, Wilson M, Sprinkle E E
Am J Clin Nutr. 1980 Oct;33(10):2151-6. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/33.10.2151.
The effects of vitamin supplements and/or diet on the vitamin levels in milk of women were determined at 6 months postpartum. Six subjects consumed a daily supplement (Natalins, Mead-Johnson) in addition to a well-balanced diet--supplemented group, and six subjects consumed only a well-balanced diet--nonsupplemented group. The subjects expressed milk for 3 days at 4-hr intervals, 0, 4, 8, and 12 hr after awakening or taking their vitamin supplement. A 4-day diet record, fasting blood sample, and 24-hr urine samples were collected on each subject at 6 months postpartum. Nutrient intake from diet alone did not differ significantly between the two groups except for riboflavin intake which was significantly higher in the supplemented group. The nutritional status of all women indicated excellent dietary intakes, which vitamin supplementation did not alter significantly. Milk concentration of vitamin B6, vitamin B12, folate, thiamin, riboflavin, and vitamin C, did not differ significntly between groups. Thiamin, vitamin B12, and vitamin B6 concentration in the milk did appear to plateau during the day. Vitamin supplementatin at 6 months postpartum did not affect the breast milk concentration or the nutritional status of well-nourished women.
在产后6个月时测定了维生素补充剂和/或饮食对女性乳汁中维生素水平的影响。6名受试者除均衡饮食外还每日服用一种补充剂(Natalins,美赞臣)——补充组,另外6名受试者仅食用均衡饮食——非补充组。受试者在醒来或服用维生素补充剂后0、4、8和12小时,每隔4小时挤奶3天。在产后6个月时收集了每位受试者的4天饮食记录、空腹血样和24小时尿样。除核黄素摄入量外,两组仅通过饮食摄入的营养素没有显著差异,补充组的核黄素摄入量显著更高。所有女性的营养状况均表明饮食摄入量良好,维生素补充并未使其发生显著改变。两组之间乳汁中维生素B6、维生素B12、叶酸、硫胺素、核黄素和维生素C的浓度没有显著差异。乳汁中硫胺素、维生素B12和维生素B6的浓度在一天中似乎趋于平稳。产后6个月补充维生素对营养良好的女性的母乳浓度或营养状况没有影响。