Robboy S J, Scully R E
Cancer. 1980 Nov 1;46(9):2019-34. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(19801101)46:9<2019::aid-cncr2820460921>3.0.co;2-w.
Strumal carcinoid of the ovary is a type of germ-cell tumor characterized by an intimate mixture of thyroid tissue and carcinoid. Fifty patients with this type of tumor ranged in age from 21 to 77 years. The tumors measured up to 26 cm in diameter and were always unilateral. In 10% of the cases, the contralateral ovary contained another type of neoplasm, usually a dermoid cyst. Three-fifths of the strumal carcinoids arose in dermoid cysts or in mature solid teratomas. Birefringent calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals were commonly identified in the thyroid colloid, and argentaffin granules, in the carcinoid cells, thus substantiating the identity of the neoplastic components. Although 31% of the tumors were accompanied by focal stromal luteinization, only 8% of the cases exhibited clinical signs of steroid hormone production (endometrial hyperplasia, hirsutism, or virilism). In 8% of the cases, there was evidence suggesting functioning of the thyroid component, but no patient had the carcinoid syndrome. Only one woman died of tumour; five others died of unrelated causes. The remaining patients remained alive and well; 23, for at least five years, and 15, for at least ten years postoperatively. Although the carcinoid component of the strumal carcinoid has been considered a malignant transformation of struma ovarii, it is almost always benign, and treatment with a simple oophorectomy or salpingo-oophorectomy is effective.
卵巢甲状腺样类癌是一种生殖细胞肿瘤，其特征是甲状腺组织和类癌紧密混合。50例此类肿瘤患者年龄在21至77岁之间。肿瘤直径达26厘米，且均为单侧性。10%的病例中，对侧卵巢含有另一种肿瘤，通常为皮样囊肿。五分之三的甲状腺样类癌发生于皮样囊肿或成熟实性畸胎瘤中。在甲状腺胶体中常见双折射的一水合草酸钙晶体，在类癌细胞中可见嗜银颗粒，从而证实了肿瘤成分的特性。虽然31%的肿瘤伴有局灶性间质黄素化，但只有8%的病例表现出类固醇激素产生的临床症状（子宫内膜增生、多毛症或男性化）。8%的病例有证据表明甲状腺成分有功能，但无患者出现类癌综合征。仅1名女性死于肿瘤；另外5人死于无关原因。其余患者存活且状况良好；23人术后至少存活5年，15人术后至少存活10年。虽然甲状腺样类癌的类癌成分曾被认为是卵巢甲状腺肿的恶性转化，但它几乎总是良性的，单纯卵巢切除术或输卵管卵巢切除术治疗有效。
