Carr J, Carr I, Dreher B, Betts K
J Pathol. 1980 Dec;132(4):287-305. doi: 10.1002/path.1711320402.
When twenty million Walker rat carcinoma cells are injected into the footpad of albino outbred rats, there is progressive metastasis to the draining popliteal and thence para-aortic lymph nodes. The lymphatic duct efferent from the footpad and afferent to the popliteal node has been cannulated; it has been shown that there is a continuous and progressively increasing output of tumour cells, small and large lymphocytes, macrophages and polymorphs from the footpad. About 20 per cent of the cells are tumour cells. The number of tumour cells in the popliteal and para-aortic nodes has been counted using a Coulter counter and subsequent differential counting of stained smears; the nodes contain a progressively increasing number of both tumour cells and lymphoreticular cells. The early accumulation of tumour cells in the para-aortic nodes makes it evident that tumour cells pass rapidly through the primary node. Examination of the simulated primary tumour by transmission electron microscopy suggests that tumour cells move actively toward lymphatics and protrude cytoplasmic processes through gaps in the endothelium. The endothelial cell then degenerates in close proximity to tumour cell processes. This leaves gaps through which tumour cells may pass and ultimately results in lymphatics with large defects in their walls.
当将两千万个沃克大鼠癌细胞注射到远交系白化大鼠的足垫中时，会逐渐发生转移，先是转移至引流的腘窝淋巴结，进而转移至主动脉旁淋巴结。已对从足垫发出并汇入腘窝淋巴结的淋巴管进行插管；结果表明，从足垫持续有肿瘤细胞、大小淋巴细胞、巨噬细胞和多形核白细胞输出，且输出量逐渐增加。其中约20%的细胞为肿瘤细胞。已使用库尔特计数器对腘窝淋巴结和主动脉旁淋巴结中的肿瘤细胞数量进行计数，并随后对染色涂片进行鉴别计数；这些淋巴结中肿瘤细胞和淋巴网状细胞的数量均逐渐增加。肿瘤细胞在主动脉旁淋巴结中的早期积聚表明肿瘤细胞快速通过初级淋巴结。通过透射电子显微镜检查模拟的原发性肿瘤发现，肿瘤细胞向淋巴管积极移动，并通过内皮细胞间的间隙伸出细胞质突起。然后，内皮细胞在靠近肿瘤细胞突起的部位发生退化。这就留下了肿瘤细胞可通过的间隙，最终导致淋巴管壁出现大的缺损。
