Strand G A
Am J Public Health. 1981 Apr;71(4):397-402. doi: 10.2105/ajph.71.4.397.
A survey was conducted to determine leadership competencies as perceived by 679 community residents (urban/rural) in six states of the Northeast United States. Respondents were asked to rate the extent to which it is important for a community leader to use each competency listed in the instrument. A factor analysis reduced the list of 39 competency items examined into nine distinct factors. Alpha internal consistency estimates revealed the strength of correlation among items in each factor. A series of one-way analyses of variance failed to show a significant difference between urban/rural community respondents' scores for each factor. The findings suggest specific leadership competencies which should be emphasized in training experiences. Conceptual competencies were identified as most important (problem delineation, organization, management of change, etc.), followed by human competencies (demeanor, empathy, attitudes) and technical competencies (budgeting, supervision, needs assessment) respectively. Items within each factor have implications for development of specific content areas in a leadership training curriculum for public health educators.
开展了一项调查，以确定美国东北部六个州的679名社区居民（城市/农村）所认为的领导能力。受访者被要求对社区领导者运用工具中列出的每项能力的重要程度进行评分。因子分析将所考察的39项能力项目清单缩减为九个不同的因子。阿尔法内部一致性估计揭示了每个因子中各项目之间的相关强度。一系列单因素方差分析未能显示城市/农村社区受访者在每个因子得分上的显著差异。研究结果表明了在培训经历中应强调的特定领导能力。概念能力被确定为最重要的（问题描述、组织、变革管理等），其次分别是人际能力（行为举止、同理心、态度）和技术能力（预算编制、监督、需求评估）。每个因子中的项目对公共卫生教育工作者领导力培训课程中特定内容领域的发展具有启示意义。
