Grimelius L, Bondeson L
Department of Pathology, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
Pathol Res Pract. 1995 May;191(4):353-65. doi: 10.1016/S0344-0338(11)80889-7.
Hyperparathyroidism is the predominant disease of the parathyroid gland. This disease is nowadays quite common and is often diagnosed at an earlier stage, mainly by means of serum calcium determinations on wide indications. This means that when detected, the glandular abnormalities may be less advanced, which could hamper differentiation of adenoma from chief cell hyperplasia, and of normal glands from slightly hyperplastic ones. Normal glands and pathological glands both show wide variations in size, cellular composition and arrangement, as described in this article. The usefulness of applying fat staining to distinguish between normal and abnormal glands is also reported. It is important to bear in mind that the parathyroid diagnosis is in fact an indirect diagnosis based on the assessment of an associated gland or glands.
甲状旁腺功能亢进是甲状旁腺的主要疾病。如今这种疾病相当常见，且往往在早期就被诊断出来，主要是通过对广泛指征进行血清钙测定来实现。这意味着在被检测到时，腺体异常可能尚未发展到很严重的程度，这可能会妨碍腺瘤与主细胞增生的鉴别，以及正常腺体与轻度增生腺体的鉴别。如本文所述，正常腺体和病变腺体在大小、细胞组成和排列方面都存在很大差异。本文还报道了应用脂肪染色来区分正常和异常腺体的效用。需要牢记的是，甲状旁腺诊断实际上是基于对相关一个或多个腺体的评估而做出的间接诊断。
