Tompson M C, Goldstein M J, Lebell M B, Mintz L I, Marder S R, Mintz J
UCLA Family Project, Department of Psychology, University of California at Los Angeles 90024-1563, USA.
Psychiatry Res. 1995 Jul 28;57(2):155-67. doi: 10.1016/0165-1781(95)02598-q.
Although the attitudes of family members as revealed by measures of expressed emotion (EE) have been shown to be associated with the course of schizophrenic illness, little is known about how the patients perceive these attitudes. A detailed interview was used to assess patients' perceptions of their family members' behaviors toward them. Family member's EE was assessed with the Five-Minute Speech Sample (FMSS). Overall, patients' perceptions of criticism were congruent with a component of the FMSS-EE that measures criticism. Results indicated that when family members had high EE/critical scores, patients perceived them as displaying more instances of critical behavior. All cases in which patients' perceptions of criticism were incongruent with measures of FMSS-EE occurred among ethnic minority group members. Although the FMSS-EE did not predict outcome in this study, patients who perceived their relatives as higher in criticism had more negative outcomes at 1 year. These findings suggest that when family environments are examined in patients from ethnic minority groups, the patients' perspective may be a more potent predictor of outcome than traditional measures of EE.
尽管通过情感表达（EE）测量所揭示的家庭成员态度已被证明与精神分裂症的病程相关，但对于患者如何看待这些态度却知之甚少。一项详细访谈被用于评估患者对其家庭成员对待他们行为的看法。家庭成员的EE通过五分钟言语样本（FMSS）进行评估。总体而言，患者对批评的看法与FMSS-EE中测量批评的一个成分相一致。结果表明，当家庭成员的EE/批评得分较高时，患者认为他们表现出更多批评行为的实例。患者对批评的看法与FMSS-EE测量结果不一致的所有案例都发生在少数族裔群体成员中。尽管在本研究中FMSS-EE并未预测结果，但那些认为其亲属批评程度较高的患者在1年后有更负面的结果。这些发现表明，在检查少数族裔群体患者的家庭环境时，患者的观点可能比传统的EE测量更能有力地预测结果。
