Bliss M R
Department of Medicine for the Elderly, Homerton Hospital, London.
Age Ageing. 1995 Jul;24(4):297-302. doi: 10.1093/ageing/24.4.297.
Long-term elderly patients at risk of pressure sores as shown by superficial skin breaks in the pressure areas were randomly allocated to seven low-priced mattress overlays, alternating pressure (AP): Large Cell Ripplebed; constant low pressure (CLP): Preventix, a 'Groove' prototype, Modular Propad (contoured foam); Ardo Watersoft; Spenco, Surgicgoods Hollowcore Mattress Pad (fibrefills). Assessments of the patients' medical condition, nursing management and pressure areas were carried out twice weekly for a mean of 17.7 days. If the pressure areas deteriorated significantly the trials were stopped and the patients were transferred to other supports. Thirteen per cent of trials on Ripplebeds had to be stopped compared with 32%, 35% and 37% respectively on contoured foam mattresses (p = 0.0005), 47% on the water mattress (p < 0.001) and 51% and 54% on fibrefills (p < 0.0001). Respective healing rates were: 45%, 37%, 24% and 20% (p = 0.001). Although the contoured foam mattresses provided better protection than the fibrefills (p < 0.01), only the AP mattress effectively prevented and healed sores in these patients who could not be regularly repositioned.
长期处于压疮风险中的老年患者，其受压部位出现浅表皮肤破损，被随机分配至七种低价床垫衬垫：交替压力（AP）型：大细胞波纹床；持续低压（CLP）型：Preventix、一种“凹槽”原型产品、模块化Propad（仿形泡沫）；Ardo Watersoft；Spenco、Surgicgoods空心床垫衬垫（纤维填充物）。对患者的病情、护理管理和受压部位进行每周两次的评估，平均持续17.7天。如果受压部位明显恶化，则停止试验并将患者转至其他支撑物上。波纹床试验中有13%不得不停止，相比之下，仿形泡沫床垫试验分别有32%、35%和37%（p = 0.0005），水床垫试验中有47%（p < 0.001），纤维填充物试验中有51%和54%（p < 0.0001）。各自的愈合率分别为：45%、37%、24%和20%（p = 0.001）。尽管仿形泡沫床垫比纤维填充物提供了更好的保护（p < 0.01），但只有交替压力床垫能有效预防和治愈这些无法定期翻身患者的压疮。
