Collins R L, Turner R A, Nomeir A M, Hunt R, Johnson A M, McLean R L, Watts L E
J Rheumatol. 1978 Fall;5(3):299-306.
Nine of 17 patients (52%) with systemic lupus erythematosus participating in a controlled prospective study were found to have maximal mid-expiratory flow rates suggestive of obstructive or obstructive and restrictive pulmonary disease. Cigarette smokers with systemic lupus erythematosus had significantly lower (P less than .05) maximal mid-expiratory flow rates than either non-smokers with systemic lupus erythematosus or smokers with degenerative joint disease. By echocardiography, pericardial thickening was seen in six of 17 patients (41%) and mitral valvular abnormalities were noted in four of 17 (24%) patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Echocardiography was found to be an effective means of detecting pericardial disease in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.
在一项对照前瞻性研究中，17名系统性红斑狼疮患者中有9名（52%）的最大呼气中期流速提示存在阻塞性或阻塞性与限制性混合性肺部疾病。患有系统性红斑狼疮的吸烟者的最大呼气中期流速显著低于患有系统性红斑狼疮的非吸烟者或患有退行性关节病的吸烟者（P<0.05）。通过超声心动图检查，17名系统性红斑狼疮患者中有6名（41%）出现心包增厚，17名患者中有4名（24%）出现二尖瓣瓣膜异常。超声心动图被发现是检测系统性红斑狼疮患者心包疾病的有效手段。
