Maleszewski M, Kline D, Yanagimachi R
Department of Anatomy and Reproductive Biology, University of Hawaii School of Medicine, Honolulu 96822, USA.
J Reprod Fertil. 1995 Sep;105(1):99-107. doi: 10.1530/jrf.0.1050099.
Spermatozoa of a wide variety of species can fuse with zona-free hamster oocytes. Zona-free hamster oocytes were inseminated with spermatozoa of homologous (hamster) and other (mouse, guinea-pig and human) species, and their responses were closely examined to determine whether such interspecific sperm-oocyte fusion always induces normal oocyte activation. While guinea-pig and human spermatozoa could activate hamster oocytes as efficiently as hamster spermatozoa, mouse spermatozoa could not. Mouse spermatozoa fused readily with hamster oocytes, yet most oocytes remained inactivated at least during the first 1.5-2 h. The amount of M-phase (metaphase) promoting factor was reduced in hamster oocytes fused with one or several mouse spermatozoa; however, repetitive Ca2+ transients failed to occur unless oocytes were inseminated with a concentrated sperm suspension and penetrated by very many spermatozoa. These observations suggest that sperm-oocyte membrane fusion per se is not sufficient to trigger oocyte activation, and that putative sperm-derived oocyte activating factors show some degree of species specificity.
多种物种的精子都能与去透明带仓鼠卵母细胞融合。用同源（仓鼠）及其他物种（小鼠、豚鼠和人类）的精子对去透明带仓鼠卵母细胞进行授精，并密切观察其反应，以确定这种种间精卵融合是否总能诱导正常的卵母细胞激活。虽然豚鼠和人类精子能像仓鼠精子一样有效地激活仓鼠卵母细胞，但小鼠精子却不能。小鼠精子很容易与仓鼠卵母细胞融合，但大多数卵母细胞至少在最初的1.5 - 2小时内仍未被激活。与一个或几个小鼠精子融合的仓鼠卵母细胞中，M期（中期）促进因子的量减少；然而，除非用浓缩的精子悬液对卵母细胞进行授精且有大量精子穿透，否则不会出现重复性的钙离子瞬变。这些观察结果表明，精卵膜融合本身不足以触发卵母细胞激活，并且假定的精子来源的卵母细胞激活因子具有一定程度的物种特异性。
