Taylor M F, Shen Y, Kreitman M E
Department of Entomology, Center for Insect Science, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721, USA.
Science. 1995 Dec 1;270(5241):1497-9. doi: 10.1126/science.270.5241.1497.
The role of natural selection in molecular evolution has been inferred primarily by rejection of null hypotheses based on neutral theory, rather than by acceptance of specific predictions based on selection. In this report, a population genetic test of a specific prediction for selection on DNA polymorphism is presented. Pyrethroid insecticide use constitutes an experiment for which form of selection and molecular target (voltage-gated sodium channels) are both known. As predicted, differential pyrethroid selection on tobacco budworm populations generated significant geographic heterogeneity in sodium channel marker allele frequencies, compared with arbitrary loci.
自然选择在分子进化中的作用主要是通过基于中性理论拒绝无效假设推断出来的，而不是通过接受基于选择的具体预测得出的。在本报告中，提出了一项针对DNA多态性选择的具体预测的群体遗传学检验。拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂的使用构成了一个实验，其选择形式和分子靶点（电压门控钠通道）都是已知的。正如所预测的，与任意位点相比，对烟草夜蛾种群的拟除虫菊酯差异选择在钠通道标记等位基因频率上产生了显著的地理异质性。
