Nicholson P J
Postgrad Med J. 1995 Nov;71(841):649-52. doi: 10.1136/pgmj.71.841.649.
High altitude is an environment that is alien to man. Stressors associated with the mechanics of flight include motion and acceleration forces applied in three vectors and in degrees that are foreign to the human vestibular apparatus. Furthermore, the work patterns of a pilot can interfere with lifestyle and circadian rhythms. Therefore medical fitness is an important consideration in determining an individual's suitability to exercise a pilot's licence. The medical standards applied depend on the type of aircraft flown and the duties expected of a pilot. There are three broad categories of pilot. In ascending order of stringency of medical standards these are the private pilot, the professional pilot and the military pilot.
高海拔是人类陌生的环境。与飞行力学相关的压力源包括作用于三个向量且强度不为人类前庭器官所适应的运动和加速力。此外，飞行员的工作模式会干扰生活方式和昼夜节律。因此，医学健康状况是确定个人是否适合获得飞行员执照的重要考虑因素。所适用的医学标准取决于所驾驶飞机的类型以及对飞行员的职责要求。飞行员主要分为三大类。按照医学标准严格程度由低到高依次为私人飞行员、职业飞行员和军事飞行员。
