Chadee D D, Beier J C
Insect Vector Control Division, Ministry of Health, St. Joseph, Trinidad.
Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 1995 Oct;89(5):531-40. doi: 10.1080/00034983.1995.11812986.
The blood-digestion kinetics of Anopheles albitarsis, An. aquasalis, An. bellator and An. homunculus were determined in the laboratory using females collected from two field sites in Trinidad. Anopheles aquasalis displayed the highest rate of haemolysis (giving an absorbance of 0.36 at 410 nm), followed by An. albitarsis (0.16), An. bellator (0.07) and An. homunculus (0.05). Trypsin activity peaked 12-24 h after blood feeding and then declined to zero at 60 h in all four species. Anopheles albitarsis had significantly higher maximum trypsin activity (0.69 units) than An. aquasalis (0.28), An. bellator (0.18) or An. homunculus (0.12) (P < 0.01). Aminopeptidase activity patterns were similar for An. aquasalis, An. bellator and An. homunculus, with peak activity at 18 h. Among the An. albitarsis mosquitoes, peak aminopeptidase activity occurred at 24 h. The peritrophic membrane developed 18, 30, 30 and 36 h post-feeding in An. aquasalis, An. albitarsis, An. bellator and An. homunculus, respectively. Stage V ovarian follicles began to mature 36 h after An. albitarsis and An. bellator fed to repletion and after 48 h in An. aquasalis and An. homunculus. Ovarian development in the four species was not affected by patterns of erythrocyte haemolysis, proteolytic enzyme activity or peritrophic-membrane development. The inter- and intra-specific variations observed in the blood-processing physiology of the four species of Anopheles are briefly discussed in terms of phylogeny.
在实验室中，利用从特立尼达两个野外地点采集的雌性按蚊，测定了白跗按蚊、海滨按蚊、战斗按蚊和小人按蚊的血液消化动力学。海滨按蚊表现出最高的溶血速率（在410nm处吸光度为0.36），其次是白跗按蚊（0.16）、战斗按蚊（0.07）和小人按蚊（0.05）。在所有这四个物种中，胰蛋白酶活性在吸血后12 - 24小时达到峰值，然后在60小时时降至零。白跗按蚊的最大胰蛋白酶活性（0.69单位）显著高于海滨按蚊（0.28）、战斗按蚊（0.18）或小人按蚊（0.12）（P < 0.01）。海滨按蚊、战斗按蚊和小人按蚊的氨肽酶活性模式相似，在18小时时活性达到峰值。在白跗按蚊中，氨肽酶活性峰值出现在24小时。围食膜在海滨按蚊、白跗按蚊、战斗按蚊和小人按蚊吸血后分别在18、30、30和36小时形成。V期卵巢卵泡在白跗按蚊和战斗按蚊吸血至饱腹后36小时开始成熟，在海滨按蚊和小人按蚊中则在48小时后开始成熟。这四个物种的卵巢发育不受红细胞溶血模式、蛋白水解酶活性或围食膜发育的影响。从系统发育的角度简要讨论了在这四种按蚊血液处理生理学中观察到的种间和种内差异。
