George K M
Department of Anthropology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
Cult Med Psychiatry. 1995 Jun;19(2):225-60. doi: 10.1007/BF01379413.
Most headhunting traditions in island Southeast Asia link ritual violence to grief and mourning. Some of the more persuasive analyses of these practices pivot on notions of rage and catharsis, arguing that turbulent emotions motivate persons to take up cleansing acts of violence. This paper seeks a more complex understanding of how ritual may connect bereavement and violence through a look at case materials from highland Sulawesi (Indonesia). Ritual practices there suggest that the resolution of communal mourning is more significant than personal catharsis in motivating violence; that individual affect is refigured collectively as "political affect;" and that varied discursive forms, such as vows, songs, and noise mediate the ways in which people put grief behind them and resume their lives. Indeed, such discursive forms appear to be generative sites for violence and solace.
东南亚岛屿地区的大多数猎头传统都将仪式性暴力与悲伤和哀悼联系在一起。对这些行为的一些更具说服力的分析围绕着愤怒和宣泄的概念展开，认为动荡的情绪促使人们采取净化性的暴力行为。本文通过审视来自印度尼西亚苏拉威西岛高地的案例材料，寻求对仪式如何将丧亲之痛与暴力联系起来的更复杂理解。那里的仪式实践表明，在激发暴力方面，集体哀悼的解决比个人宣泄更为重要；个人情感被集体重塑为“政治情感”；并且各种话语形式，如誓言、歌曲和噪音，调节着人们放下悲伤、重新生活的方式。事实上，这些话语形式似乎是暴力和慰藉的产生之地。
