Rodriguez-de-Velasquez A, Yoder I C, Velasquez P A, Papanicolaou N
Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston 02114-2698, USA.
Radiographics. 1995 Sep;15(5):1051-68. doi: 10.1148/radiographics.15.5.7501850.
Diabetes mellitus is a common multisystemic disease with serious effects on the genitourinary system. In the radiology literature, little attention has been paid to developing an integral approach to imaging of the genitourinary tract in diabetes. The long-term effects of diabetes on the genitourinary system include diabetic nephropathy, papillary necrosis, renal artery stenosis, diabetic cystopathy, and vas deferens calcification. Diabetes-associated urinary tract infections include renal and perirenal abscesses, gas-forming infections such as emphysematous pyelonephritis and emphysematous cystitis, fungal infections, and xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. Diabetes-associated genital infections include Fournier gangrene and postmenopausal tubo-ovarian abscess. In a diabetic with fever of unknown origin or in the event of a persistent infection in a diabetic with clinical deterioration despite use of antibiotics, radiologic studies can demonstrate the presence of genitourinary complications. Finally, radiologists should be aware of the risk of contrast material-induced nephropathy in diabetics.
糖尿病是一种常见的多系统疾病，对泌尿生殖系统有严重影响。在放射学文献中，很少有人关注开发一种针对糖尿病患者泌尿生殖道成像的综合方法。糖尿病对泌尿生殖系统的长期影响包括糖尿病肾病、乳头坏死、肾动脉狭窄、糖尿病膀胱病和输精管钙化。糖尿病相关的尿路感染包括肾和肾周脓肿、产气感染如气肿性肾盂肾炎和气肿性膀胱炎、真菌感染以及黄色肉芽肿性肾盂肾炎。糖尿病相关的生殖器感染包括福尼尔坏疽和绝经后输卵管卵巢脓肿。对于不明原因发热的糖尿病患者，或者在使用抗生素后仍临床恶化的糖尿病患者发生持续感染的情况下，放射学检查可以显示泌尿生殖系统并发症的存在。最后，放射科医生应该意识到糖尿病患者发生造影剂肾病的风险。
