Noh H M, Fishman E K, Forastiere A A, Bliss D F, Calhoun P S
Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Radiographics. 1995 Sep;15(5):1113-34. doi: 10.1148/radiographics.15.5.7501854.
The esophagus is involved by a wide range of pathologic processes that can be detected, defined, and staged with computed tomography (CT). These processes include esophageal carcinoma; benign esophageal tumors; inflammatory and infectious diseases; miscellaneous conditions such as Barrett esophagus, achalasia, and varices; and trauma and perforation. CT is usually performed to clarify findings seen with other imaging modalities or to stage a pathologic condition; however, it may be the primary imaging modality in some cases. Because of the critical location of the esophagus, it can be involved secondarily by other disease processes or as part of a systemic process. By being aware of the appearances of the various entities that affect the esophagus, the radiologist can play an important role in detecting and staging esophageal disease. Although the role of CT in the evaluation of esophageal disease has been controversial, recent developments such as spiral CT have the potential to renew interest in this application.
多种病理过程可累及食管，这些过程可通过计算机断层扫描（CT）进行检测、界定和分期。这些过程包括食管癌；食管良性肿瘤；炎症和感染性疾病；诸如巴雷特食管、贲门失弛缓症和静脉曲张等杂症；以及创伤和穿孔。CT通常用于明确其他成像方式所见的结果或对病理状况进行分期；然而，在某些情况下它可能是主要的成像方式。由于食管位置关键，它可能继发于其他疾病过程或作为全身疾病过程的一部分。通过了解影响食管的各种病变的表现，放射科医生在检测和分期食管疾病方面可发挥重要作用。尽管CT在评估食管疾病中的作用一直存在争议，但螺旋CT等最新进展有可能重新激发人们对这一应用的兴趣。
