Cirelli R, Tyring S K
Department of Microbiology/Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77555.
Antiviral Res. 1994 Jul;24(2-3):191-204. doi: 10.1016/0166-3542(94)90067-1.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections usually present as benign warts (e.g., condyloma acuminatum, CA) but can also be responsible for dysplasia and carcinoma. Therapeutic options include chemotherapeutic agents, cryotherapy and surgery, but all these treatments are anti-tumor, not anti-viral. Interferons (IFNs) are the only anti-viral drugs approved for the therapy of benign HPV-related lesions. While IFN-alpha, IFN-beta and IFN-gamma have all been tested against CA, most information is available on IFN-alpha which appears efficacious via a number of routes of administration, schedules and dosages with an acceptable safety profile. The highest rate of success with IFN-alpha therapy, in terms of reduced recurrence rates of CA was reported from studies in which all visible lesions were surgically removed with subsequent administration of subcutaneous local IFN-alpha. Less data is available on the efficacy of IFNs in the treatment of HPV-related dysplasia and carcinoma, but combination therapy (e.g., IFN-alpha plus retinoids for cervical carcinoma) appears promising. Future advances in control of HPV-related lesions are expected to continue to involve IFN combined with non-antiviral therapies as well as the use of exogenous inducers of IFNs and other cytokines.
人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染通常表现为良性疣（如尖锐湿疣，CA），但也可导致发育异常和癌症。治疗选择包括化疗药物、冷冻疗法和手术，但所有这些治疗都是抗肿瘤的，而非抗病毒的。干扰素（IFN）是唯一被批准用于治疗与HPV相关的良性病变的抗病毒药物。虽然α干扰素、β干扰素和γ干扰素都已针对CA进行了测试，但关于α干扰素的信息最多，它通过多种给药途径、方案和剂量给药时似乎有效，且安全性可接受。α干扰素治疗成功率最高的情况，是在所有可见病变均通过手术切除并随后皮下局部注射α干扰素的研究中报告的，该治疗能降低CA的复发率。关于干扰素治疗HPV相关发育异常和癌症疗效的数据较少，但联合治疗（如α干扰素加维甲酸治疗宫颈癌）似乎很有前景。预计在控制HPV相关病变方面的未来进展将继续涉及干扰素与非抗病毒疗法的联合应用，以及使用干扰素和其他细胞因子的外源性诱导剂。
