Thibault L
School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, McGill University, Québec, Canada.
Appetite. 1994 Dec;23(3):275-86. doi: 10.1006/appe.1994.1059.
The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of different dietary carbohydrates such as corn starch, sucrose, fructose and glucose on carbohydrate and protein self-selection and on arterial and venous concentrations of glucose and insulin, and brain indoleamines in rats. Fructose and sucrose feeding induced the lowest food intakes which were due respectively to a lower carbohydrate and protein selection. The present data showed that feeding with dietary glucose as the main carbohydrate source gave the highest glycemic response, the lowest one being found with fructose and corn starch, and an intermediate one with sucrose feeding. The insulin response to the dietary carbohydrates followed a somewhat different pattern with the highest insulin secretion observed after fructose feeding whereas highly variable and inconsistent results were obtained following corn starch, sucrose and glucose feeding. Feeding chemically different sugars was also characterized by decreased serotonin synthesis in the raphe nuclei, brainstem and thalamus, and increased 5-HT synthesis in the hypothalamus of rats fed fructose when compared to glucose fed animals. The present results highlight the importance of considering the nature of dietary carbohydrates in the regulation of feeding.
本研究的目的是调查不同膳食碳水化合物，如玉米淀粉、蔗糖、果糖和葡萄糖，对大鼠碳水化合物和蛋白质自我选择以及动脉和静脉中葡萄糖、胰岛素浓度及脑内吲哚胺的影响。喂食果糖和蔗糖导致食物摄入量最低，这分别归因于碳水化合物和蛋白质选择较低。目前的数据表明，以膳食葡萄糖作为主要碳水化合物来源时血糖反应最高，果糖和玉米淀粉的血糖反应最低，蔗糖喂养的血糖反应处于中间水平。胰岛素对膳食碳水化合物的反应呈现出略有不同的模式，果糖喂养后胰岛素分泌最高，而玉米淀粉、蔗糖和葡萄糖喂养后结果高度可变且不一致。与喂食葡萄糖的动物相比，喂食化学性质不同的糖类还表现为中缝核、脑干和丘脑的5-羟色胺合成减少，而喂食果糖的大鼠下丘脑5-羟色胺合成增加。目前的结果突出了在进食调节中考虑膳食碳水化合物性质的重要性。
