Naudin S, Garric J, Vindimian E, Bray M, Migeon B, Vollat B, Lenon G
CEMAGREF, Laboratory for Ecotoxicology, Lyon, France.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 1995 Feb;30(1):54-62. doi: 10.1006/eesa.1995.1006.
To improve the preservation of effluent samples, the contribution of refrigeration, freezing, and freeze-drying techniques to maintain the toxic characteristics of the samples was evaluated. To achieve this evaluation one acute test, three long-term toxicity tests, a biochemical test (P450 induction), and a mutagenicity test (Ames test) were used on the same industrial effluent. Refrigeration and freezing demonstrated a similar capacity of preservation. However, freezing should be recommended when the delay between sampling and the start of the bioassay exceeds 48 hr. Freeze-drying did not prove to be useful in that case but this could be due to methodological problems. Nevertheless, this technique allowed the detection of mutagenic compounds because of its aptitude to concentrate effluent samples. For the toxic evaluation of the samples the advantages of the use of a battery of biotests were confirmed and it was noted that the cladoceran (Ceriodaphnia dubia) reproduction test and the algal (Selenastrum capricornutum) growth test had a higher sensitivity within the three tests used.
为提高废水样品的保存效果，评估了冷藏、冷冻和冻干技术对保持样品毒性特征的作用。为进行此评估，对同一工业废水进行了一项急性试验、三项长期毒性试验、一项生化试验（P450诱导）和一项致突变性试验（艾姆斯试验）。冷藏和冷冻显示出相似的保存能力。然而，当采样与生物测定开始之间的延迟超过48小时时，建议采用冷冻。在这种情况下，冻干被证明没有用处，但这可能是由于方法学问题。尽管如此，由于该技术能够浓缩废水样品，因而可以检测出致突变化合物。对于样品的毒性评估，使用一系列生物测试的优势得到了证实，并且注意到在所用的三项测试中，枝角类（大型蚤）繁殖试验和藻类（羊角月芽藻）生长试验具有更高的灵敏度。
