Tseng J, Komisar J L, Trout R N, Hunt R E, Chen J Y, Johnson A J, Pitt L, Ruble D L
Department of Experimental Pathology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, D.C. 20307-5100, USA.
Infect Immun. 1995 Aug;63(8):2880-5. doi: 10.1128/iai.63.8.2880-2885.1995.
Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) toxoid-containing microspheres were tested for efficacy in rhesus monkeys as a vaccine candidate for respiratory SEB toxicosis and toxic shock. Forty monkeys were randomly separated into 10 groups of four monkeys each: 9 groups were vaccinated with the microspheres via combinations of mucosal and nonmucosal routes, and 1 group served as nonvaccinated controls. Both vaccinated and nonvaccinated monkeys were then challenged with a high lethal dose of SEB aerosol. Monkeys primed with an intramuscular dose of the microspheres followed by an intratracheal booster all survived the SEB challenge. Overall, monkeys with an intratracheal booster generally had the highest antibody levels, which is consistent with their high survival rate and lower rate of illness. Protective immunity was correlated with antibody levels in both the circulation and the respiratory tract. The protection was not due to the depletion or anergy of SEB-reactive T cells, since SEB-induced proliferation in cultures of circulating lymphocytes was not significantly reduced after the microsphere vaccination. It is evident that the nonsurvivors did not die of systemic anaphylaxis or hypersensitivity because the monkeys did not die immediately after SEB challenge and there were no significant differences in histamine levels between the vaccinated and control monkeys before and after SEB challenge. The antibodies seemed to neutralize the SEB that got into the airway and the circulation.
对含有葡萄球菌肠毒素B（SEB）类毒素的微球进行了恒河猴试验，以评估其作为呼吸道SEB中毒和中毒性休克疫苗候选物的效力。40只猴子被随机分成10组，每组4只：9组通过黏膜和非黏膜途径联合接种微球，1组作为未接种对照。然后，对接种和未接种的猴子都用高致死剂量的SEB气雾剂进行攻击。先肌肉注射微球，随后气管内加强免疫的猴子在SEB攻击中全部存活。总体而言，气管内加强免疫的猴子通常抗体水平最高，这与它们的高存活率和低发病率一致。保护性免疫与循环系统和呼吸道中的抗体水平相关。这种保护作用并非由于SEB反应性T细胞的耗竭或无反应性，因为微球接种后，SEB诱导的循环淋巴细胞培养物增殖并未显著降低。显然，未存活的猴子并非死于全身性过敏反应或超敏反应，因为猴子在SEB攻击后并未立即死亡，且在SEB攻击前后，接种组和对照组猴子的组胺水平没有显著差异。抗体似乎中和了进入气道和循环系统的SEB。
