Romero-Vecchione E, Vásquez J, Lema G, Guerrero H, Rosa F, Bermúdez M
Laboratorio de Estudios Cardiovasculares, Escuela de Medicina José María Vargas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Central de Venezuela, San José, Caracas.
Invest Clin. 1995 Jun;36(2):61-71.
The objective of this work was to compare urinary dopamine, noradrenaline, adrenaline, sodium and potassium excretion in a group of normotensive Piaroa Amazonic ethnia who do not use salt in their regular food intake, against a group of urban normotensive citizens known to have a high salt intake in their regular meals. Twenty adult normotensive Piaroa subjects living in the Amazonas forest, 11 men and 9 women, 23-72 years old, and 33 normotensive urban citizens, 25-70 years old, 17 men and 17 women, were included in the study. After a 10 min. rest, an average of three supine systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure recordings was obtained. Piaroas subjects SBP and DBP were 111.3 +/- 2.9 mmHg and 62.7 +/- 1.9 mmHg respectively; urban subjects SBP and DBP were 111.8 +/- 2.2 mmHg and 70.3 +/- 1.6 mmHg respectively. Supine heart rate was lower in Piaroas (58.0 +/- 1.8 beats/min) than in urban subjects (76.5 +/- 1.9 beats/min), p < 0.05. Sodium urinary excretion was much lower in Piaroas (12.6 +/- 5.2 mmol/24 h) when compared to urban subjects (210.7 +/- 24.5 mmol/24 h), p < 0.01. No difference was found in daily urinary potassium excretion between Piaroas and urban subjects (50.4 +/- 7.2 mmol/24 h vs 45.1 +/- 7.4 mmol/24 h). Urinary dopamine excretion was lower in Piaroas (314.7 +/- 40.1 micrograms/24 h) in comparison to urban subjects (800.4 +/- 59.2 micrograms/24 h), p < 0.05. Daily urinary noradrenaline and adrenaline excretion were 67.9% and 85.4% respectively lower in Piaroas than in urban subjects. In conclusion, lower amounts of sodium daily intake are associated to lower kidney dopamine production in Piaroas as compared to urban subjects. Apparently indigenous tribes might require less kidney dopamine synthesis to excrete the very small amounts of salt they consume in their regular food intake. The opposite was found in urban subjects; more kidney dopamine synthesis would be required for larger amounts of urinary sodium excretion. In this population, essential hypertension has been associated to a failure of the natriuretic mechanism triggered by dopamine onkidney tubules.
这项研究的目的是比较一组日常饮食中不摄入盐分的正常血压的亚马孙皮雅罗阿族人与一组日常饮食中盐分摄入量高的城市正常血压居民的尿多巴胺、去甲肾上腺素、肾上腺素、钠和钾的排泄情况。该研究纳入了20名居住在亚马孙森林的成年正常血压皮雅罗阿族受试者，其中11名男性和9名女性，年龄在23至72岁之间；以及33名城市正常血压居民，年龄在25至70岁之间，其中17名男性和17名女性。休息10分钟后，平均获取三次仰卧位收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP）的血压记录。皮雅罗阿族受试者的SBP和DBP分别为111.3±2.9 mmHg和62.7±1.9 mmHg；城市受试者的SBP和DBP分别为111.8±2.2 mmHg和70.3±1.6 mmHg。皮雅罗阿族人的仰卧心率（58.0±1.8次/分钟）低于城市受试者（76.5±1.9次/分钟），p<0.05。与城市受试者（210.7±24.5 mmol/24小时）相比，皮雅罗阿族人的尿钠排泄量低得多（12.6±5.2 mmol/24小时），p<0.01。皮雅罗阿族人与城市受试者的每日尿钾排泄量没有差异（50.4±7.2 mmol/24小时对45.1±7.4 mmol/24小时）。与城市受试者（800.4±59.2微克/24小时）相比，皮雅罗阿族人的尿多巴胺排泄量较低（314.7±40.1微克/24小时），p<0.05。皮雅罗阿族人的每日尿去甲肾上腺素和肾上腺素排泄量分别比城市受试者低67.9%和85.4%。总之，与城市受试者相比，皮雅罗阿族人每日钠摄入量较低与肾脏多巴胺生成量较低有关。显然，与城市居民相比，原住民部落可能需要较少的肾脏多巴胺合成来排泄其日常饮食中摄入的极少量盐分。而在城市受试者中则相反；为了排泄更多的尿钠，需要更多的肾脏多巴胺合成。在这一人群中，原发性高血压与多巴胺触发的肾小管利钠机制失效有关。
