Fruth S J, Worrell T W
Krannert School of Physical Therapy, University of Indianapolis, IN 46227, USA.
J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1995 Jul;22(1):26-38. doi: 10.2519/jospt.1995.22.1.26.
Menstrual irregularities occur in some female athletes. The most extreme form of menstrual irregularity is amenorrhea, which has been linked to significant decreases in vertebral bone density and increases in injury prevalence. Many authors have sought to determine the causal factors of athletic amenorrhea, some of which include hormonal status, training and physical parameters, nutritional balance, and psychological stress. The purpose of this paper was to compare studies that have examined the relationship of these variables to menstrual irregularities and bone density. Controversy exists regarding the relative contribution of these variables. The etiology is likely multifactorial and should be evaluated as such. Clinicians treating female athletes must be knowledgeable about the negative consequences associated with menstrual irregularities. Furthermore, it is critical that clinicians provide thorough patient education in order to prevent injuries and the long-term loss of bone density. Appropriate medical and/or psychological referral of the athlete with menstrual irregularities may be necessary.
一些女运动员会出现月经不调。月经不调最极端的形式是闭经，它与椎骨骨密度显著降低以及受伤几率增加有关。许多作者试图确定运动性闭经的病因，其中一些因素包括激素状态、训练和身体参数、营养平衡以及心理压力。本文的目的是比较研究这些变量与月经不调及骨密度之间关系的各项研究。关于这些变量的相对作用存在争议。其病因可能是多因素的，应如此进行评估。治疗女运动员的临床医生必须了解与月经不调相关的负面后果。此外，临床医生提供全面的患者教育以预防受伤和骨密度的长期流失至关重要。对于月经不调的运动员，可能需要进行适当的医学和/或心理转诊。
