Crespo J F, Pascual C, Burks A W, Helm R M, Esteban M M
Immuno-allergy Laboratory, La Paz Children's Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 1995 Feb;6(1):39-43. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3038.1995.tb00256.x.
We evaluated the prevalence and characteristics of the principal foods implicated in 355 children diagnosed with IgE-mediated food allergy. Diagnosis was established on the basis of positive clinical history for the offending food, positive specific IgE by skin prick test and RAST, and open food challenge. Our results showed the principal foods involved in allergic reactions are: eggs, fish, and cow's milk. These are followed in frequency by fruits (peaches, hazelnuts and walnuts), legumes (lentils, peanuts and chick peas) and other vegetables (mainly sunflower seeds). The legumes demonstrated the highest degree of clinical cross-reactivity. Most patients with food allergy reacted to one or two foods (86.7%). Only 13.3% of patients reacted to 3 or more foods, mostly to legumes and fruits. We found that food allergy begins most frequently in the first (48.8%) and second (20.4%) years of life. Allergy to proteins of cow's milk, egg, and fish begins predominantly before the second year, demonstrating a clear relationship with the introduction of these foods into the child's diet. Allergy to foods of vegetable origin (fruits, legumes and other vegetables) begins predominantly after the second year.
我们评估了355名被诊断为IgE介导的食物过敏儿童中主要致敏食物的患病率及特征。诊断依据为对致病食物的阳性临床病史、皮肤点刺试验和放射性变应原吸附试验的阳性特异性IgE以及开放性食物激发试验。我们的结果显示，参与过敏反应的主要食物为：鸡蛋、鱼类和牛奶。其次是水果（桃子、榛子和核桃）、豆类（小扁豆、花生和鹰嘴豆）以及其他蔬菜（主要是葵花籽）。豆类表现出最高程度的临床交叉反应性。大多数食物过敏患者对一两种食物有反应（86.7%）。只有13.3%的患者对三种或更多食物有反应，主要是对豆类和水果。我们发现食物过敏最常始于生命的第一年（48.8%）和第二年（20.4%）。对牛奶、鸡蛋和鱼类蛋白质的过敏主要始于第二年之前，这表明与这些食物引入儿童饮食有明显关系。对植物源性食物（水果、豆类和其他蔬菜）的过敏主要始于第二年之后。
