Troiano R P, Flegal K M, Kuczmarski R J, Campbell S M, Johnson C L
National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hyattsville, Md, USA.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1995 Oct;149(10):1085-91. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1995.02170230039005.
To examine prevalence of overweight and trends in overweight for children and adolescents in the US population.
Nationally representative cross-sectional surveys with an in-person interview and a medical examination, including measurement of height and weight.
Between 3000 and 14,000 youths aged 6 through 17 years examined in each of five separate national surveys during 1963 to 1965, 1966 to 1970, 1971 to 1974, 1976 to 1980, and 1988 to 1991 (Cycles II and III of the National Health Examination Survey, and the first, second, and third National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, respectively).
Prevalence of overweight based on body mass index and 85th or 95th percentile cutoff points from Cycles II and III of the National Health Examination Survey.
From 1988 to 1991, the prevalence of overweight was 10.9% based on the 95th percentile and 22% based on the 85th percentile. Overweight prevalence increased during the period examined among all sex and age groups. The increase was greatest since 1976 to 1980, similar to findings previously reported for adults in the United States.
Increasing overweight among youths implies a need to focus on primary prevention. Attempts to increase physical activity may provide a means to address this important public health problem.
研究美国儿童和青少年超重的患病率及超重趋势。
具有全国代表性的横断面调查，采用面对面访谈和医学检查，包括身高和体重测量。
在1963年至1965年、1966年至1970年、1971年至1974年、1976年至1980年以及1988年至1991年期间进行的五项独立全国性调查中，对3000至14000名6至17岁的青少年进行了检查（分别为全国健康检查调查的第二和第三轮，以及第一次、第二次和第三次全国健康与营养检查调查）。
根据体重指数以及全国健康检查调查第二和第三轮的第85或第95百分位数切点计算超重患病率。
1988年至1991年期间，根据第95百分位数计算的超重患病率为10.9%，根据第85百分位数计算为22%。在所研究的时间段内，所有性别和年龄组的超重患病率均有所上升。自1976年至1980年以来增幅最大，这与此前美国成年人的研究结果相似。
青少年超重现象的增加意味着需要关注一级预防。增加体育活动的尝试可能为解决这一重要的公共卫生问题提供一种途径。
