Chaisrisookumporn N, Stella J P, Epker B N
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, John Peter Smith Hospital, Fort Worth, Tex. 76104, USA.
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 1995 Aug;80(2):127-36. doi: 10.1016/s1079-2104(05)80191-x.
This study was done to determine those profile anthropometric measurements that are abnormal in the midface profile in patients with cleft lip and palate. The sample population consisted of 30 randomly selected skeletally mature white patients with cleft lip and palate who had been treated by the same team who were accredited by the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association. Twenty patients had unilateral and 10 had bilateral complete clefts. None of these patients had previously undergone orthognathic surgery or definitive rhinoplasty surgery. Fifteen facial anthropometric features were measured on each person's face. The result from this study showed that in patients with cleft lip and palate right versus left side differences did not exist and only four statistically significant differences existed between the unilateral and bilateral cases. However, in all patients, four of these esthetic facial features were consistently and significantly abnormal: obtuse nasofrontal angle: obtuse nasomental angle; a posteriorly positioned infraorbitale relative to globe; and an obtuse general facial angle. Several other features were abnormal in a high percentage of persons in this study. These were lack of supratip break, flat to concave paranasal contour, increased subnasale-alargroove:subnasale-pronasale ratio, decreased nasal protrusion:nasal length ratio, decreased nasolabial angle ratio, decreased maxillary length ratio, increased nasal bridge projection:nasal protrusion ratio, and deficient cheek contour. This data indicates that the major deformity in persons with adult cleft lip and palate exist in the nose and secondarily in other components of the midface.
本研究旨在确定唇腭裂患者中面部轮廓异常的人体测量学特征。样本包括30名随机选取的骨骼成熟的白人唇腭裂患者，他们均由同一团队治疗，且该团队获得了美国腭裂-颅面协会的认可。其中20例为单侧唇腭裂，10例为双侧唇腭裂。这些患者均未接受过正颌手术或确定性鼻整形手术。对每个人的面部测量了15项面部人体测量特征。本研究结果表明，唇腭裂患者左右侧不存在差异，单侧和双侧病例之间仅存在4项具有统计学意义的差异。然而，在所有患者中，有4项美学面部特征始终存在显著异常：鼻额角钝；鼻颏角钝；眶下点相对于眼球后移；面部总角度钝。本研究中还有其他几项特征在很大比例的患者中异常。这些特征包括鼻尖无转折、鼻旁轮廓扁平至凹陷、鼻下点-鼻翼沟：鼻下点-鼻前嵴比值增加、鼻突度：鼻长度比值降低、鼻唇角比值降低、上颌长度比值降低、鼻梁突出度：鼻突度比值增加以及面颊轮廓不足。这些数据表明，成年唇腭裂患者的主要畸形存在于鼻子，其次存在于中面部的其他部位。
