Farkas L G, Hajnis K, Posnick J C
Craniofacial Measurement Laboratory, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 1993 Jan;30(1):1-12. doi: 10.1597/1545-1569_1993_030_0001_aaafot_2.3.co_2.
Two populations were studied and compared to determine the effects of cleft lip and palate surgery on the nose and face. In the first, three anthropometric measurements, two nasal and one facial, were taken before primary lip repair from infants with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) and with bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP). In the second, ten measurements were taken from the nose and face of patients surgically treated for UCLP and BCLP. The high frequency of noses disproportionately wide in relation to their height in both cleft types before primary lip repair greatly decreased after surgery. Among the residual deformities after surgery for UCLP, nostril floor width asymmetry was the most frequent, followed by columella length asymmetry, flat nasal bridge, wide soft nose, flat nasal tip, and small nasal tip protrusion. In the BCLP patients, nostril floor width asymmetry was also the most common stigma, followed by flat nasal tip, wide soft nose, columella length asymmetry, flat nasal bridge and bilaterally angled alae, and small nasal tip protrusion. A subnormally flat upper face inclination was observed in UCLP and BCLP patients. Quantitative determination of these nasal stigmata in cleft lip and palate patients who have undergone primary lip repair provides valuable information for surgical correction of the cleft soft-tissue deformities.
研究了两组人群并进行比较，以确定唇腭裂手术对鼻和面部的影响。第一组中，在对完全性单侧唇腭裂（UCLP）和双侧唇腭裂（BCLP）婴儿进行初次唇修复前，进行了三项人体测量，两项是鼻部测量，一项是面部测量。第二组中，对接受过UCLP和BCLP手术治疗的患者的鼻和面部进行了十项测量。在初次唇修复前，两种腭裂类型中鼻子宽度与其高度不成比例的情况很常见，手术后这种情况大大减少。在UCLP手术后的残留畸形中，鼻底宽度不对称最为常见，其次是鼻中隔长度不对称、鼻梁扁平、软鼻宽、鼻尖扁平以及鼻尖突出度小。在BCLP患者中，鼻底宽度不对称也是最常见的特征，其次是鼻尖扁平、软鼻宽、鼻中隔长度不对称、鼻梁扁平、鼻翼双侧成角以及鼻尖突出度小。在UCLP和BCLP患者中观察到上颌面部倾斜度低于正常水平。对接受过初次唇修复的唇腭裂患者这些鼻部特征进行定量测定，为手术矫正腭裂软组织畸形提供了有价值的信息。
