Reddingius R E, Schröder C H, Willems J L, Lelivelt M, Kohler B E, Krediet R T, Monnens L A
Department of Paediatrics, Sint Radboud University Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1995;10(6):866-70.
Fluid kinetics were studied in children treated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) aged between 2 and 15 years. Dextran 70 was used as a volume marker. A 4-h dwell was studied with a dwell volume of 40 mg/kg. Transcapillary ultrafiltration was measured as well as marker clearance, which is the best available approximation of lymphatic absorption in the clinical setting. In 11 children in whom dialysate was used containing 1.36% glucose transcapillary ultrafiltration was 250 +/- 79 ml/4 h/1.73 m2 and marker clearance 236 +/- 101 ml/4 h/1.73 m2. In 13 children dialysed with 3.86% glucose, transcapillary ultrafiltration was 829 +/- 226 ml/4 h/1.73 m2 and marker clearance 307 +/- 176 ml/4 h/1.73 m2. These values are similar to those found in adult patients. There was a positive correlation between age and transcapillary ultrafiltration in the group receiving dialysate containing 3.86% glucose (r = 0.69, P = 0.009). There was no correlation between age and marker clearance. It is concluded that fluid kinetics in children and adults on CAPD are similar when corrected for body surface area. In young children transcapillary ultrafiltration is lower, probably because dwell volume is low in relation to peritoneal surface area in these children.
对年龄在2至15岁接受持续性非卧床腹膜透析（CAPD）治疗的儿童进行了液体动力学研究。使用右旋糖酐70作为容积标志物。研究了4小时的驻留，驻留容积为40mg/kg。测量了跨毛细血管超滤以及标志物清除率，标志物清除率是临床环境中淋巴吸收的最佳可用近似值。在11名使用含1.36%葡萄糖透析液的儿童中，跨毛细血管超滤为250±79ml/4小时/1.73m²，标志物清除率为236±101ml/4小时/1.73m²。在13名使用3.86%葡萄糖进行透析的儿童中，跨毛细血管超滤为829±226ml/4小时/1.73m²，标志物清除率为307±176ml/4小时/1.73m²。这些值与成年患者中发现的值相似。在接受含3.86%葡萄糖透析液的组中，年龄与跨毛细血管超滤之间存在正相关（r = 0.69，P = 0.009）。年龄与标志物清除率之间无相关性。得出的结论是，校正体表面积后，儿童和接受CAPD治疗的成人的液体动力学相似。在幼儿中，跨毛细血管超滤较低，可能是因为这些儿童的驻留容积相对于腹膜表面积较低。
