Avril J L, Couete I, Travert M F, Autuly F, Plessis P
Laboratoire de Bactériologie-Virologie, Faculté de Médecine, Rennes, France.
Pathol Biol (Paris). 1995 Apr;43(4):270-3.
Fluoroquinolones are efficacious antibiotics for the treatment of Salmonella infections in humans. One of these quinolones, enrofloxacin, a precursor of ciprofloxacin, is used to treat respiratory infections in calves and poultry. There is a risk of developing resistant strains of Salmonella in animals, which may then contaminate humans. To evaluate current susceptibilities of Salmonella strains to quinolones, we collected 95 strains belonging to various serotypes in a district of intensive breeding (the Ille-et-Vilaine Département): 54 human strains, 24 bovine strains, and 17 poultry strains. The technique of dilutions in agar medium was used to determine Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) for the following antibiotics: nalidixic acid, norfloxacin, pefloxacin, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and clinafloxacin. Our results showed that human Salmonella strains remained very susceptible to quinolones. Only 3 animal strains had nalidixic-acid MICs > 128 mg/l. For these 3 strains, pefloxacin and ciprofloxacin MICs were respectively 1 or 2 mg/l and 0.25 mg/l. For all the other human and animal strains the nalidixic-acid MICs were < 4 mg/l, and their MICs 90 were: 0.12 mg/l for ofloxacin and norfloxacin, 0.06 mg/l for pefloxacin, 0.03 mg/l for ciprofloxacin, 0.016 mg/l for levofloxacin, and 0.004 mg/l for clinafloxacin.
氟喹诺酮类药物是治疗人类沙门氏菌感染的有效抗生素。其中一种喹诺酮类药物恩诺沙星是环丙沙星的前体，用于治疗犊牛和家禽的呼吸道感染。动物体内存在产生沙门氏菌耐药菌株的风险，这些耐药菌株随后可能会感染人类。为了评估当前沙门氏菌菌株对喹诺酮类药物的敏感性，我们在一个集约化养殖地区（伊勒-维莱讷省）收集了95株属于不同血清型的菌株：54株人类菌株、24株牛菌株和17株家禽菌株。采用琼脂培养基稀释技术测定了以下抗生素的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）：萘啶酸、诺氟沙星、培氟沙星、氧氟沙星、环丙沙星、左氧氟沙星和克林沙星。我们的结果表明，人类沙门氏菌菌株对喹诺酮类药物仍然非常敏感。只有3株动物菌株的萘啶酸MIC>128mg/l。对于这3株菌株，培氟沙星和环丙沙星的MIC分别为1或2mg/l和0.25mg/l。对于所有其他人类和动物菌株，萘啶酸的MIC<4mg/l，其MIC90分别为：氧氟沙星和诺氟沙星0.12mg/l，培氟沙星0.06mg/l，环丙沙星0.03mg/l，左氧氟沙星0.016mg/l，克林沙星0.004mg/l。
