Perkins K A, Mitchell S L, Epstein L H
Western Psychiatric Institute & Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA 15213, USA.
Physiol Behav. 1995 Aug;58(2):373-8. doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(95)00070-y.
Dietary restraint is a characteristic associated with greater increase in food intake after smoking cessation, and salivation is a marker of physiological responsiveness to food that may be influenced by cessation. The present study examined the effect of brief smoking abstinence (16 h) vs. no abstinence on salivary and subjective responses to food taste cues in women smokers high vs. low in dietary restraint (n = 10 each). On each of two days (smoking abstinence vs. nonabstinence), salivary volume was assessed during each of 10 trials involving presentation of a small sample of strawberry yogurt. Decline in salivation over trials is indicative of habituation, or reduction in physiological responsiveness to taste cues, and may be a marker of satiety. Subjects also completed self-report measures of hunger, taste liking, desire for cigarette, and emotional arousal during each trial. A 10-min period of ad lib consumption of yogurt ended each session. Results showed significantly elevated salivary response to the first trial of taste exposure in high vs. low restraint women, especially on the smoking day. Moreover, salivary habituation was significantly disrupted by smoking abstinence, especially over the first 5 trials, in high restraint but not low restraint women. High restraint women also reported increasing desire for cigarette and emotional arousal across food taste trials on both days, while low restraint women reported no change in each over trials. There were no differences in ad lib yogurt consumption. These results indicate that brief smoking abstinence attenuates salivary habituation to taste in high restraint women, suggesting a marker for processes responsible for increased food intake after quitting smoking.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
节食克制是与戒烟后食物摄入量大幅增加相关的一个特征，而唾液分泌是对食物生理反应的一个指标，可能会受到戒烟的影响。本研究调查了短期戒烟（16小时）与未戒烟对饮食克制程度高和低的女性吸烟者唾液及对食物味道线索主观反应的影响（每组n = 10）。在两天中的每一天（戒烟日与非戒烟日），在涉及呈现一小份草莓酸奶的10次试验中的每次试验期间评估唾液量。试验过程中唾液分泌量下降表明习惯化，即对味道线索的生理反应降低，可能是饱腹感的一个指标。受试者在每次试验期间还完成了饥饿、味道喜好、对香烟的渴望和情绪唤起的自我报告测量。每次试验结束时是10分钟的随意食用酸奶时间。结果显示，饮食克制程度高的女性与低的女性相比，在味道暴露的第一次试验中唾液反应显著升高，尤其是在吸烟日。此外，在饮食克制程度高但非低的女性中，戒烟显著扰乱了唾液习惯化，尤其是在前5次试验中。在两天的食物味道试验中，饮食克制程度高的女性还报告对香烟的渴望和情绪唤起增加，而饮食克制程度低的女性在试验过程中报告各项均无变化。随意食用酸奶量没有差异。这些结果表明，短期戒烟会减弱饮食克制程度高的女性对味道的唾液习惯化，这表明这是戒烟后食物摄入量增加背后机制的一个指标。（摘要截选至250词）
