Puppe B
Forschungsbereich Physiologische Grundlagen der Tierhaltung des Forschungsinstituts für die Biologie landwirtschaftlicher Nutztiere Dummerstorf-Rostock.
Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr. 1995 Apr;108(4):133-7.
During the past decade, applied farm animal ethology has become of increasing significance within the behavioural sciences. The present paper investigates some of the most important terms and concepts of basic behavioural research in order to relate these approaches to farm animal ethology. It is advocated here that deviations of theoretical frameworks used in basic and applied research should be kept at a minimum, unless necessitated by particular aspects of applied research goals. It is further argued that environmental requirements of the animals and motivational causes of behaviour could be assessed more appropriately when considering behaviour as an interaction between organism and environment shaped by natural and artificial selection, i.e. as a means to ultimately maximize biological fitness. It is concluded that ultimate causation of behaviour should become a major focus in applied ethology in order to reach at valid approaches to animal welfare and improved husbandry systems which are more in line with the actual needs of the animal.
在过去十年中，应用农场动物行为学在行为科学领域变得愈发重要。本文探讨了基础行为研究中的一些最重要的术语和概念，以便将这些方法与农场动物行为学联系起来。本文主张，除非应用研究目标的特定方面有必要，基础研究和应用研究中使用的理论框架的偏差应保持在最低限度。进一步论证的是，当将行为视为由自然选择和人工选择塑造的有机体与环境之间的相互作用，即作为最终使生物适应性最大化的一种手段时，动物的环境需求和行为的动机原因可以得到更恰当的评估。得出的结论是，行为的最终因果关系应成为应用行为学的一个主要焦点，以便找到有效的动物福利方法和改进的饲养系统，使其更符合动物的实际需求。
