Scheppach W, Bartram H P, Richter F
Department of Medicine, University of Würzburg, Germany.
Eur J Cancer. 1995 Jul-Aug;31A(7-8):1077-80. doi: 10.1016/0959-8049(95)00165-f.
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs: acetate, propionate, n-butyrate) arising in the large bowel during bacterial fermentation of dietary fibre and starch have paradoxical effects on colonic epithelial proliferation. While the three major SCFAs stimulate proliferation of normal crypt cells, n-butyrate and, to a lesser degree, propionate inhibit growth of colon cancer cell lines. At the molecular level, n-butyrate causes histone acetylation, favours differentiation, induces apoptosis and regulates the expression of various oncogenes. To understand the complex effects of SCFAs on carcinogenesis, it is important to study the intermediate stages of the adenoma-carcinoma sequence where a "switch" from stimulation to suppression of cell proliferation must occur.
膳食纤维和淀粉在大肠中经细菌发酵产生的短链脂肪酸（SCFAs：乙酸盐、丙酸盐、丁酸盐）对结肠上皮细胞增殖具有矛盾的影响。虽然这三种主要的短链脂肪酸会刺激正常隐窝细胞的增殖，但丁酸盐以及程度较轻的丙酸盐会抑制结肠癌细胞系的生长。在分子水平上，丁酸盐会导致组蛋白乙酰化，促进分化，诱导细胞凋亡并调节各种癌基因的表达。为了理解短链脂肪酸对致癌作用的复杂影响，研究腺瘤-癌序列的中间阶段很重要，在这个阶段必然会发生从刺激细胞增殖到抑制细胞增殖的“转变”。
