Cassidy A, Bingham S, Setchell K
Dunn Clinical Nutrition Centre, Cambridge.
Br J Nutr. 1995 Oct;74(4):587-601. doi: 10.1079/bjn19950160.
To examine the hormonal effects of isoflavones, of which soyabean is a rich source, fifteen healthy nonvegetarian premenopausal women were studied over 9 months. They lived in a metabolic suite for between 4 and 6 months where their diet and activity levels were kept constant and their hormonal status was measured over two or three menstrual cycles. During one (control) menstrual cycle a normal but constant diet containing no soyabean products was fed. Then, over a second complete cycle six subjects consumed a similar diet into which 60 g textured vegetable protein (TVP)/d, containing 45 mg conjugated isoflavones, had been incorporated. Three participants had 50 g miso (a fermented soyabean paste), containing 25 mg unconjugated isoflavones, added daily to their diet over a menstrual cycle, and six others consumed 28 g TVP/d, containing 23 mg conjugated isoflavones. Five participants completed a third diet period where they were randomly assigned to consume either the control diet over a cycle, or a similar diet incorporating 60 g of a soyabean product which had had the isoflavones chemically extracted (Arcon F). Follicular phase length was significantly (P < 0.01) increased and peak progesterone concentrations were delayed with 60 g TVP but no effects were observed with Arcon F. The increase in menstrual cycle length did not reach statistical significance in the three three subject who ate 50 g miso/d, but peak progesterone levels were significantly (P < 0.05) delayed. Mid-cycle peaks of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) were suppressed with 45 mg conjugated isoflavones as 60 g TVP (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01 respectively). No other changes in sex-steroid hormone levels were observed on any of the other diets. A significant reduction in total cholesterol was found with 45 mg conjugated isoflavones (P < 0.05), but not with 23 mg conjugated isoflavone-free Arcon F. There was no effect of menstrual cycle phase on transit time.
为研究异黄酮的激素效应（大豆是异黄酮的丰富来源），对15名健康的非素食绝经前女性进行了为期9个月的研究。她们在代谢套房中居住4至6个月，在此期间，她们的饮食和活动水平保持恒定，并在两到三个月经周期内测量其激素状态。在一个（对照）月经周期中，提供不含大豆制品的正常但恒定的饮食。然后，在第二个完整周期中，6名受试者食用了类似的饮食，其中每天加入了60克组织化植物蛋白（TVP），含有45毫克共轭异黄酮。三名参与者在一个月经周期内每天在饮食中添加50克味噌（一种发酵大豆酱），含有25毫克未共轭异黄酮，另外六名参与者每天食用28克TVP，含有23毫克共轭异黄酮。五名参与者完成了第三个饮食阶段，她们被随机分配在一个周期内食用对照饮食，或食用含有60克已化学提取异黄酮的大豆制品（Arcon F）的类似饮食。食用60克TVP时，卵泡期长度显著增加（P<0.01），孕酮峰值浓度延迟，但Arcon F未观察到影响。食用50克味噌/天的三名受试者月经周期长度的增加未达到统计学显著性，但孕酮峰值水平显著延迟（P<0.05）。45毫克共轭异黄酮（如60克TVP）可抑制促黄体生成素（LH）和促卵泡激素（FSH）的周期中期峰值（分别为P<0.05和P<0.01）。在任何其他饮食中均未观察到性类固醇激素水平的其他变化。45毫克共轭异黄酮可使总胆固醇显著降低（P<0.05），但不含23毫克共轭异黄酮的Arcon F则无此作用。月经周期阶段对转运时间无影响。
