Monroe K R, Yu M C, Kolonel L N, Coetzee G A, Wilkens L R, Ross R K, Henderson B E
Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles 90033, USA.
Nat Med. 1995 Aug;1(8):827-9. doi: 10.1038/nm0895-827.
We used data from a population-based cohort study of blacks, Hispanics, Japanese and whites to examine the frequency of prevalent prostate and breast cancer by family history status of first-degree relatives (parents and siblings). Independent of race, the age-adjusted relative risk for prevalent prostate cancer in subjects with affected brothers was approximately two times that in subjects with affected fathers (P < 0.00005). No such excess risk for breast cancer was observed among subjects with affected sisters compared to those with affected mothers (age- and race-adjusted relative risk = 1.10, P = 0.34). The magnitude of the relative risk for prostate cancer in sibling- versus parent-affected groups was significantly different from that of the comparable relative risk for breast cancer (P < 0.00005). An excess risk of prostate cancer in men with affected brothers compared to those with affected fathers is consistent with the hypothesis of an X-linked, or recessive, model of inheritance.
我们使用了一项基于人群的队列研究数据，该研究涉及黑人、西班牙裔、日本人及白人，以通过一级亲属（父母和兄弟姐妹）的家族病史状况来检查前列腺癌和乳腺癌的患病率。与种族无关，兄弟患前列腺癌的受试者中，年龄调整后的前列腺癌相对风险约为父亲患前列腺癌的受试者的两倍（P < 0.00005）。与母亲患乳腺癌的受试者相比，姐妹患乳腺癌的受试者中未观察到此类额外风险（年龄和种族调整后的相对风险 = 1.10，P = 0.34）。兄弟患癌组与父母患癌组中前列腺癌相对风险的大小与乳腺癌可比相对风险的大小存在显著差异（P < 0.00005）。与父亲患前列腺癌的男性相比，兄弟患前列腺癌的男性存在额外风险这一情况与X连锁或隐性遗传模型的假设一致。
