Tung Ko-Hui, Goodman Marc T, Wu Anna H, McDuffie Katharine, Wilkens Lynne R, Nomura Abraham M Y, Kolonel Laurence N
Cancer Etiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA.
Am J Epidemiol. 2004 Apr 15;159(8):750-8. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwh103.
Epidemiologic studies have demonstrated a tendency for common cancers to aggregate in families. The authors investigated the effects of family history of cancer at multiple sites, including the breast, ovary, colorectum, and prostate, on ovarian cancer risk among 607 controls and 558 ovarian cases in Hawaii and Los Angeles, California, in 1993-1999. A family history of cancer of the breast, ovary, colorectum, or prostate in first-degree relatives was associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer (odds ratio (OR)=1.7, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.1, 2.6; OR=3.2, 95% CI: 1.3, 7.9; OR=1.5, 95% CI: 0.9, 2.5; and OR=1.6, 95% CI: 1.0, 2.8, respectively). A greater risk of ovarian cancer was observed for women with parents rather than siblings with a history of breast or prostate cancer and for women with parental colorectal cancer diagnosed at an early age, suggesting a genetic predisposition among these women. The risk of nonmucinous tumors, but not mucinous tumors, was positively associated with a family history of cancer. No significant interaction effects on risk existed between oral contraceptive pill use or pregnancy and family history of breast and/or ovarian cancer. Study findings suggest that ovarian cancer aggregates with several common cancers in family members.
流行病学研究表明，常见癌症有在家族中聚集的倾向。作者于1993 - 1999年在夏威夷和加利福尼亚州洛杉矶，对607名对照者和558名卵巢癌患者进行研究，调查包括乳腺癌、卵巢癌、结直肠癌和前列腺癌在内的多个部位的癌症家族史对卵巢癌风险的影响。一级亲属中有乳腺癌、卵巢癌、结直肠癌或前列腺癌家族史与卵巢癌风险增加相关（比值比（OR）=1.7，95%置信区间（CI）：1.1，2.6；OR = 3.2，95% CI：1.3，7.9；OR = 1.5，95% CI：0.9，2.5；OR = 1.6，95% CI：1.0，2.8）。对于有乳腺癌或前列腺癌家族史的父母而非兄弟姐妹的女性，以及父母早年被诊断为结直肠癌的女性，观察到更高的卵巢癌风险，提示这些女性存在遗传易感性。非黏液性肿瘤（而非黏液性肿瘤）的风险与癌症家族史呈正相关。口服避孕药使用或妊娠与乳腺癌和/或卵巢癌家族史之间在风险上不存在显著的交互作用。研究结果表明，卵巢癌在家庭成员中与几种常见癌症聚集出现。
