Smith R E, Flowers C W
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Southern California, School of Medicine, Los Angeles, USA.
CLAO J. 1995 Jul;21(3):200-7.
Although blepharitis is one of the most common ocular disorders encountered in clinical practice, it may constitute a diagnostic and therapeutic enigma. Attempts to classify this disorder are difficult because of the complex mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis. Clinical and laboratory investigations have clearly established bacteria and meibomian gland abnormalities as major etiologic determinants. In addition, changes in tear film dynamics and underlying dermatologic abnormalities appear to contribute to pathogenesis. The clinical manifestations primarily occur along the lid margin, and the predominant symptoms are itching and burning. Currently there is no cure for this condition. In the case of staphylococcal blepharitis, for example, there is no long-term cure because patients are likely susceptible to the causative organism(s), and thus become reinfected. Therapy is aimed then at bringing the disease process under control. A therapeutic regimen consisting of lid hygiene, topical or systemic antibiotics, and tear replacement seems to be most effective in alleviating symptoms and maintaining disease control but requires prolonged treatment.
尽管睑缘炎是临床实践中最常见的眼部疾病之一，但它可能构成诊断和治疗上的难题。由于其发病机制背后的复杂机制，对这种疾病进行分类的尝试很困难。临床和实验室研究已明确将细菌和睑板腺异常确定为主要病因决定因素。此外，泪膜动力学的变化和潜在的皮肤异常似乎也有助于发病机制。临床表现主要发生在睑缘，主要症状是瘙痒和烧灼感。目前这种疾病无法治愈。例如，对于葡萄球菌性睑缘炎，没有长期治愈方法，因为患者可能易感染致病生物体，从而再次感染。因此，治疗旨在控制疾病进程。由眼睑清洁、局部或全身使用抗生素以及泪液替代组成的治疗方案似乎在缓解症状和维持疾病控制方面最有效，但需要长期治疗。
